Bitmap Graphics
Bitmap graphics are digital images composed of individual pixels, each with its own color and brightness. These images are created and edited using raster graphics software and are commonly used for photographs and complex images. Bitmap graphics are resolution-dependent, meaning that they can lose quality when scaled up or down, and are often saved in file formats such as JPEG, PNG, and BMP.
4 Key excerpts on "Bitmap Graphics"
eBook - ePubIntroduction to Interactive Digital Media
Concept and Practice
- Julia Griffey(Author)
- 2019(Publication Date)
- Routledge(Publisher)
...5 Media Content Introduction Content is the “meat” within an interactive experience and comes in many different forms: graphics, animation, audio, video and text. It’s helpful to know best practices when working with each form as you may need to produce the content yourself, or interface with a specialist in the discipline. Graphics Graphics of different types: buttons, charts, diagrams, photographs and illustrations are expected components within any interactive experience. Graphics also play a large role in the planning process, as wireframes and flowcharts must be created to explain how the application will look and work. Having facility with graphics applications, knowing the appropriate file formats and being able to apply good design principles to the creation of these graphics are all useful skills. The two different types of computer graphics are pixel-based (often called raster or bitmap images) and vector-based images. Pixel-based images are comprised of small squares of color (called pixels) and are created and edited in photo editing applications like Adobe Photoshop. Vector-based images are stored as mathematical equations and are created and edited in drawing programs like Adobe Illustrator. Pixel-based Images What They Are Pixel is short for “picture element”: a square dot that can only be one color. If you zoom into a pixel-based image, you can eventually see the individual pixels that make up the image. However, from afar, you can’t see each one; the color appears continuous. 5.1 Every bitmap image is comprised of pixels. Source: Edited image based on original © Mariusz Blach; 123RF.com There are pros and cons associated with bitmap images. One major advantage is that the tiny pixels allow you to create photorealistic representations. Pixel based images can also easily be displayed within a web browser when saved in an appropriate format (JPEG, GIF or PNG). One downside of pixel-based images is that the file sizes can get quite large...
eBook - ePub- Michael Byrd, Jim Pearson, Robert A. Saigh(Authors)
- 2013(Publication Date)
- Routledge(Publisher)
...This method works well for photographs but tends to unnecessarily soften line art. There are.jpgs all over the Internet because they’re quite small and therefore transmit quickly. JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group. Pixel: A single dot of color in a graphic image. Graphics files contain the data necessary for software or hardware to reproduce images. The most basic unit in an image is the pixel. When many very tiny pixels are viewed together, the result is a coherent image. Computer monitors compose pixels from small trios of red, green, and blue dots. Each pixel on your screen is some combination of these colors (except for black, which is represented by no color). The resolution is expressed in the number of pixels per displayed inch (ppi) or the image dimensions measured in pixels (horizontally x vertically). Vector graphic: Any graphic file format that defines an image geometrically. Lines are mathematically represented as two points in 2D or 3D coordinates. Circles are represented as a single center point and a radius. Fills or subtle color changes can also be represented as a mathematical process. Thus, vector graphics contain instructions on how a program should draw the image. Often vector graphics are smaller than Bitmap Graphics because less information is required to reproduce the image. They are also truly scalable: they can be reduced or enlarged without affecting image quality. Lines remain sharp at all times. 3. The image I scanned looks great except for a really ugly object...
eBook - ePub- Herbert L. Blitzer, Karen Stein-Ferguson, Jeffrey Huang(Authors)
- 2010(Publication Date)
- Academic Press(Publisher)
...CHAPTER 13 File Formats and Compression Digital images become useful when they are converted into a specific format that can be processed in a variety of applications. In order to make images “portable,” they have to be saved and communicated in a standardized organization called a format. The more widely used formats are called standard formats. This enables either the same computer or a different device to successfully open the image, interpret the image content, encode or decode the image for viewing, and facilitate certain capabilities (e.g., enhancement) and inhibit others (e.g., unauthorized viewing). RASTER FORMAT VERSUS VECTOR FORMAT A graphics format is normally categorized into one of two major categories according to how the graphical data is stored and displayed. The first type of graphical representation is raster graphic format, usually called image, whose contents are described based on a regular array of raster pixel values. The second type of representation is the geometry-based graphics, also called vector format. The geometry-based format describes graphic contents based on a set of abstract geometric standard descriptions of lines, curves, and shapes, such as squares and circles, as opposed to the list (pixel array) of color information that raster-based graphics (images) use. We usually simply name the vector representation as graphics and call raster graphics as images. The geometry-based graphics are generally more object-oriented; that is, the form of describing the geometric graphics is made up of a set of defined line elements. Every part of a digital layout of an image is made of lines and curves, and colors are applied both to the linear elements and the spaces they enclose. For example, the geometric shapes for a point in a Cartesian coordinate system—horizontal x axis and vertical y axis—can be represented by point locations (x, y)...
eBook - ePub- Edward M. Robinson(Author)
- 2009(Publication Date)
- Academic Press(Publisher)
...(Additional file space is required for the metadata, i.e., the actual camera settings.) In summary, a digital image is defined as a numerical representation of a physical object recorded electronically in a computer as a series of binary digits (bits), where each bit is either a one or a zero and there are no values in between. A total of 8 bits is used to represent 256 shades of gray, and 24 bits are used to represent 256 shades per color channel for a total of 16,777,216 possible color combinations. Here is where the real confusion begins. Are All Pixels Equal? When a digital image is captured, the image is digitized into a series of pixels. Each pixel has a specific color value, such as teal, fuchsia, orange, or brown, based on the composite values of red, green, and blue for each pixel. Using 8 bits per color channel, you can have 256 possible shades of red, 256 possible shades of green, and 256 possible shades of blue for a combined total of 16,777,216 possible color values for each pixel in the image. Computer screens also have a resolution of their own that has no direct correlation to the pixels in the image that you captured. For example, a standard monitor resolution is 1024 pixels by 768 pixels. This monitor resolution refers to the number of color pixels on the screen. These display pixels are made up of a combination of red, green, and blue lights. (Although meaning the same thing, these lights are displayed by use of different technologies depending on whether you are using a cathode ray tube [CRT], liquid crystal display [LCD], light-emitting diode [LED], or plasma display.) The end result is that a combination of red, green, and blue lights coupled with the intensity of each individual light creates an optical illusion that causes your eye to perceive the specific color value of an image pixel contained within your digital image. Let us refer again to the 6-megapixel digital camera that was discussed earlier...
