In-Situ Conservation
In-situ conservation refers to the conservation of species and ecosystems in their natural habitats. It involves protecting and managing areas such as national parks, wildlife reserves, and other protected areas to safeguard biodiversity and ecological processes. This approach aims to maintain the genetic diversity of species and their natural interactions within their native environments.
5 Key excerpts on "In-Situ Conservation"
eBook - ePubBiodiversity and Conservation
Characterization and Utilization of Plants, Microbes and Natural Resources for Sustainable Development and Ecosystem Management
- Jeyabalan Sangeetha, Devarajan Thangadurai, Goh Hong Ching, Saher Islam, Jeyabalan Sangeetha, Devarajan Thangadurai, Goh Hong Ching, Saher Islam(Authors)
- 2019(Publication Date)
- Apple Academic Press(Publisher)
...Ecosystem functioning and dynamics are regulated by biodiversity, but population growth, unplanned developmental activities and modern cultivation have increasingly threatened biodiversity. Both ex situ and in situ conservations are different conservation strategies which are being used since the ancient times. Except for some conditions ex situ conservation are less effective than in situ and they are extremely costly. In situ measures are the more holistic approach for conservation process than ex situ. An important disadvantage of in situ conservation is that it requires enough space to protect the full component of biotic diversity and human interference completely barred that locality, but it is too complicated for growing human population demand for space. Ex situ conservation methods offer ‘insurance policy’ against extinction and endangered species, thereby supposed to support the in situ conservation. Thus, both conservation strategies are essential and complementary to each other for proper management of biodiversity. For the existence of humans, biodiversity is necessary. No matter people are rich or poor, everyone utilizes the planet and all kind of benefits from biodiversity. Hence it is necessary to work for the conservation of biodiversity so that the future generation could experience the cultural, spiritual, and economic benefits from nature. KEYWORDS • animal translocation • biodiversity • bioresources • biosphere reserve • captive breeding • cryopreservation • ecosystem • environmental pollution • ex situ conservation • gene bank • habitat alteration • in situ conservation • invasive alien species • protected areas • sacred groves • seed bank • spiritual values REFERENCES Adebooye, O. C., & Opabode, J. T., (2005). Status of conservation of the indigenous leaf vegetables and fruits of Africa. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 3 (12), 700–705. Alka, G., (2010). Environmental Geography (pp. 163–164)...
eBook - ePubBiodiversity
An Introduction
- Kevin J. Gaston, John I. Spicer(Authors)
- 2013(Publication Date)
- Wiley-Blackwell(Publisher)
...and maintenance of ex-situ conservation facilities in developing countries. Fig. 6.5 Relative impacts of factors affecting terrestrial biodiversity in: (a) poor; and (b) rich countries. Shading indicates intensity of impact, from black (highest) to light grey (lowest). (From Soule 1991.) Ex-situ conservation measures may include seed banks, sperm and ova banks, culture collections (e.g. of plant tissues), artificial propagation of plants and captive breeding of animals. In a growing number of instances, more individuals of given species are held in such facilities than occur in the wild. The relative costs and benefits of ex-situ conservation have been much debated (e.g. Tudge 1992; Rahbek 1993; Hurka 1994; Balmford et al. 1995, 1996; Frankel et al. 1995). This is particularly true with regard to large-bodied vertebrates (such as primates, big cats and cetaceans). Key issues here include the ethics of keeping individuals in captivity, whether the resources so used could practically be deployed in other ways (e.g. for In-Situ Conservation), the short- and long-term viability of both captive and wild populations, the relationship between the two (including the use and efficacy of reintroductions of species into areas in which they have become extinct, and to bolster declining natural populations), and other potential benefits of captive populations (e.g. in education of urban human populations). Whatever one’s position on these matters, ex-situ activities should play only a very secondary role to In-Situ Conservation, as implied by the opening statement of this Article. 6.7 Sustainable use of components of biological diversity The sustainable use of biological diversity is one of the objectives of the Convention (Article 1)...
eBook - ePub- Richard John Huggett(Author)
- 2004(Publication Date)
- Routledge(Publisher)
...Conservation is ‘managed’ by national and international organizations, the biggest of which is probably the IUCN. The IUCN recognizes 10 conservation categories, ranging from ‘extinct’ and ‘extinct in the wild’ to ‘least concern’. Two main conservation strategies are on-site conservation and off-site conservation. On-site conservation involves assessing possible management plans for species using, for example, population viability analysis. On-site conservation of landraces, germplasm (in seed banks), and forest trees tries to stem the loss of animals and plants used in agriculture. Off-site conservation has saved several species that are extinct in the wild. However, it is an expensive enterprise. Zoos and aquaria house captive animals, while botanical guards, arboreta, and seed banks house plants. ESSAY QUESTIONS 1 Is the cost of conserving threatened species justified? 2 How useful is population viability analysis? 3 Is off-site conservation a realistic alternative to on-site conservation? FURTHER READING Akçakaya, H. R., Burgman, M. A., and Ginzburg, L. R. (1999) Applied Population Ecology: Principles and Computer Exercises Using RAMAS ® EcoLab, 2nd edn. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. If you are interested in hands-on modelling, try this. Frankham, R., Ballou, J. D., Briscoe, A. D., and McInnes, K. H. (illustrator) (2002) Introduction to Conservation Genetics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. An excellent introductory-level text. Jeffries, M. L. (1997) Biodiversity and Conservation. London and New York: Routledge. An excellent basic text. Primack, R. B. (2000) A Primer of Conservation Biology, 2nd edn. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. Highly readable and informative. 18 CONSERVING COMMUNITIES AND ECOSYSTEMS Not just species, but the communities and ecosystems in which they live are altering in the face of current environmental change. There is a pressing need to preserve biodiversity and restore damaged communities and ecosystems...
eBook - ePubA Planet of 3 Billion
Mapping Humanity's Long History of Ecological Destruction and Finding Our Way to a Resilient Future | A Global Citizen's Guide to Saving the Planet
- Christopher Kevin Tucker(Author)
- 2019(Publication Date)
- Atlas Observatory Press(Publisher)
...Still others are exposed to mismanagement or more basic forms of exploitation, with no care for sustainability. Which lands and seas must be preserved as wildernesses, held apart from human presence, is a continuous debate, with preservation championed by those focused on the vulnerable life stages of various flora and fauna. So too is the debate about conservation. If humans must harness particular geographies for particular productive, recreational, or urban habitat purposes, how can we do it in as sustainable a fashion as possible? What Do We Mean by “Protected”? The term “protected area” is a formal term defined by the IUCN’s World Commission on Protected Areas, which published its most recent guidelines in 2018. The idea inspiring the definition is that we should ensure that entire ecosystems function properly and that their geographical integrity is protected. The IUCN’s formal definition states that “A protected area is a clearly defined geographical space, recognized, dedicated, and managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the long-term conservation of nature with associated ecosystem services and cultural values.” 50 The IUCN has identified six distinct categories of protected areas, each with different management objectives: (1a) strict nature reserve, (1b) wilderness area, (2) national park, (3) natural monument or feature, (4) habitat and/or species management area, (5) protected landscape and/or seascape, (6) protected area with sustainable use of natural resources. Interestingly, while only about 15% of Earth’s terrestrial surface area is formally protected under one of these regimes, and not much more than 5% of Earth’s marine surface area is protected, a considerably larger portion of Earth is still largely intact and largely undisturbed. Indeed, there are still places that are mostly wild, with very low human population densities. Many of these are tropical or subtropical moist forests and tundra...
eBook - ePubEcosystem Services
Key Issues
- Mark Everard(Author)
- 2021(Publication Date)
- Routledge(Publisher)
...3 Conservation of ecosystems and their services DOI: 10.4324/9781003182313-3 Key points: Human perceptions of ‘nature’ have changed throughout recent decades and, with it, perceptions of its conservation. The natural world, including biodiversity, geodiversity and the many functions within it, underlies all ecosystem services, rather than being a discrete product of the system. A former protectionist approach to nature conservation, conceptually separating ‘nature’ from human activities, is manifestly flawed and may ultimately be counterproductive if species and ecosystems constrained in fragmented reserves are unable to respond to changing environmental conditions or maintain genetic diversity. A systemically informed approach to nature conservation recognises that ecosystems and humanity are all part of a fully integrated socioecological system, all dimensions of human interest supported by and also influencing natural systems framing a far broader view of nature conservation. Perceptions of the value of Protected Areas, and their management, need to evolve to recognise and optimise the diverse ecosystem services benefits flowing from them to communities from local to global scales. Early conceptions of conservation tended to address the preservation of desirable species, habitats and landforms. Perceptions of connectivity of ‘nature’ and humanity’ have, however, evolved particularly over the past century to include, for example, how land use and some other human activities are causative in creation or maintenance of some habitat types supporting species that have become. prioritised for conservation. For example, whilst intensification of farming activities unconstrained, for example, by agri-environmental subsidies is generally regarded as damaging to farmland bird populations, the very notion of farmland birds acknowledges that they are beneficiaries of human-modified landscape (Walker et al., 2018)...
