CHAPTER 1
Introduction
The sea provides some of natureâs most picturesque and scenic views, allowing the watercolor artist a great variety of creatures and environments to paint on canvas. This book has been designed with the sea lover and artist in mind, to help you bring both the grand and the everyday creatures of our planetâs bodies of water to life beneath your brush. Each chapter features a different talented artist as he or she guides you through step-by-step lessons designed not only to master the medium of watercolor but also to complete a finished painting of your favorite sea-life creatures. From learning which tool is most appropriate for which technique to drawing realistic sketches and achieving the best color wash for each painting, artists of all skill levels will enjoy the projects highlighted in this book. Break out the brushes and paintâletâs get started!
Tools & Materials
Paints
Watercolor paints are available in cakes, pans, and tubes. Many artists prefer tube paints because they are fresher and the colors are brighter. It is best to use good-quality paint, but if you are just starting out, itâs okay to use less expensive student-grade paint and upgrade to professional grade later. You donât need to have a huge palette of color. Youâll find that each of the artists in this book works with his or her own palette of colors, listed at the beginning of each project. You may find you prefer to work with different paints, so donât be afraid to experiment. Youâll also want white gouache for touch-ups and highlights.
Brushes
There are many kinds of paintbrushes available, but they can be narrowed down to two types: synthetic and natural hair. Synthetic brushes are usually less expensive than natural ones, but they donât retain water as effectively. Synthetic brushes are great for working with masking fluid. For the projects in this book, youâll want a variety of flat and round brushes in varying sizes, a hake brush, and a rigger brush. Make sure you have one small round detail brush and several synthetic brushes for masking.
Hake This brush is great for laying in backgrounds on very large areas.
Paper
Watercolor paper comes in a range of textures: hot-pressed, which is smooth; cold-pressed, which has a medium texture; and rough, which has plenty of tooth (raised areas of paper). Watercolor paper also comes in different weights, designated in pounds. The higher the number, the heavier the paper and the less likely it is to warp when you apply water. A popular choice is 300-lb. bright white, cold-pressed watercolor paper. The tough surface of this paper allows you to use mask, as well as use some lifting techniques, without damaging the paper. The 300-lb. weight of the paper allows for a wider time frame to work wet-on-wet before the paper begins to dry.
Watercolor Paper
These three different sheets show how the paint looks on hot-pressed (A), cold-pressed (B), and rough, textured paper (C).
Palette
Palettes come in different materialsâplastic, glass, china, wood, and metalâand in various shapes. Plastic is lightweight and less expensive than other materials. All these palettes will clean up easily with soap and water. No matter what style you choose, try to find one with a large, flat area for mixing and creating washes and plenty of wells for holding all your colors.
Masking Fluid
Masking fluid, or liquid frisket, is a latex-based substance that can be applied over areas you want to keep white. When dry, the mask repels paint, so you can paint over it without covering the white support underneath. When the paint is dry, gently rub off the mask with masking fluid pickup or an old rag. You can also apply masking fluid over color that is already dry to protect areas from subsequent layers of color.
Additional Materials
A few other items you ma...