Sustainable Urban Mining of Precious Metals

Sadia Ilyas, Hyunjung Kim, Rajiv Ranjan Srivastava, Sadia Ilyas, Hyunjung Kim, Rajiv Ranjan Srivastava

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2021
• Print ISBN: 9780367517502
• eBook ISBN: 9781000350654
• Topic: Biological Sciences
• Subtopic: Environmental Science
• Index: Biological Sciences

The rapid revolution in modern industry has led to a significant increase in waste at the end of the product lifecycle. It is essential to close the loop, secure resources, and join up the circular economy. This book provides a detailed review of extraction techniques for urban mining of precious metals including gold, silver, and the platinum group. The merits and demerits of various extraction methods are highlighted, with possible suggestions for improvements. The feasibility of hybrid extraction techniques, as well as the sustainability and environmental impact of every process, is explored.

• Offers a comprehensive review of different techniques used in recycling technology for urban mining of precious metals
• Describes the concept of urban mining and its correlation with circular economy
• Discusses feasibility of precious metal extraction and urban mines scope and their potential
• Explains the subject in-context of sustainability while describing chemistry fundamentals and industrial practices
• Provides technical flow sheets for urban mining of precious metals with diversity of lixiviant

This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in extractive metallurgy, hydrometallurgy, chemical engineering, chemistry, and environmental engineering.

1 Sustainable Urban Mining of Precious Metals

An Introduction

Sadia Ilyas

Mineral Resources and Energy Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea

Hyunjung Kim

Mineral Resources and Energy Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea

Department of Environment and Energy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea

Rajiv Ranjan Srivastava

Center for Advanced Chemistry, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam

Contents

1. 1.1 Urban Mining and the Circular Economy Approach
2. 1.2 Sustainability Through Urban Mining
   1. 1.2.1 Urban Mining and Sustainable Development Goals
   2. 1.2.2 Urban Mining of Precious Metals for a Circular Economy
3. 1.3 Spent Auto-catalysts: Urban Mining and Strategies for Its Management
   1. 1.3.1 Regulatory Guidelines on Recycling of Spent Auto-catalysts
   2. 1.3.2 Structural Components of Spent Auto-catalysts
4. 1.4 Electronic Waste: Urban Mining and Strategies for Its Management
   1. 1.4.1 E-waste Hazards and Environmental Impact
   2. 1.4.2 Regulatory Guidelines on Urban Mining of E-waste
   3. 1.4.3 Stakeholders in the Management and Urban Mining of E-waste
      1. 1.4.3.1 Producers
      2. 1.4.3.2 Consumers
      3. 1.4.3.3 Recyclers
      4. 1.4.3.4 Regulatory Bodies
   4. 1.4.4 Global E-waste Management Practices
      1. 1.4.4.1 Argentina
      2. 1.4.4.2 Brazil
      3. 1.4.4.3 China
      4. 1.4.4.4 India
      5. 1.4.4.5 Pakistan
      6. 1.4.4.6 Nigeria Proposed Management of E-waste and Urban Mining for the Circular Econo
   5. 1.4.5 Proposed Management of E-waste and Urban Mining for the Circular Economy
5. References

1.1Urban Mining and the Circular Economy Approach

The finite deposits of minerals in the Earth’s crust will be exhausted if consumption continues for long without the discovery of new natural reserves. At the same time, the demand for mineral commodities is likely to continue to increase due to new technologies that have become essential to our daily life. Under the traditional linear flow approach, many end-of-life (EoL) items are simply disposed of as waste (see Figure 1.1). There is no choice but to use and then discard the raw materials. Most waste materials are currently sent for landfill disposal, putting additional strain on the environment. The slow leaching of metals due to weathering is a phenomenon known to contaminate soil and water bodies, altering their nature and causing a severe threat to human health and environmental ecology.

Figure 1.1 Conventional approach to material flow.

In the light of these challenges, the transition from a linear approach to a circular strategy for advanced waste management has been developed over recent decades (see Figure 1.2). The circular approach arises principally from the soaring demand for raw materials. Attention is therefore shifting from the limited stocks of raw materials to the increasing anthropogenic stockpile of (waste) materials. This is the basis for the development of the ‘urban mining’ concept (Stallone, 2011; Cossu, 2013). In this context, urban mining comprises the activities/technologies designed for recovery of resources (including materials and energy) from products of urban catabolism (Baccini and Brunner, 2012). It provides systematic management of anthropogenic stockpiles of waste/EoL materials, with ...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half Title
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Dedication
• Table of Contents
• List of Figures and Tables
• Preface
• Notes on the Editors
• Chapter 1: Sustainable Urban Mining of Precious Metals: An Introduction
• Chapter 2: Pre-treatment, Concentration, and Enrichment of Precious Metals from Urban Mine Resources: Pre-treatment, Concentration, and Enrichment of Precious Metals
• Chapter 3: Urban Mining of Precious Metals with Halide as Lixiviant
• Chapter 4: Urban Mining of Precious Metals with Cyanide as Lixiviant
• Chapter 5: Urban Mining of Precious Metals with Thiosulfate and Thiourea as Lixiviant
• Chapter 6: Recovery of Precious Metals Using Precipitation, Adsorption, Electrowinning, Supercritical Fluids and Bio-mediated Approaches
• Chapter 7: Recovery of Precious Metals by Solvent Extraction
• Chapter 8: Recovery of Precious Metals Using Ion-Exchange Chromatographic Approaches
• Chapter 9: Integrated Recovery Processes for Precious Metals from Urban Mine Sources and Case Studies
• Index