Anthropology as Memory

Michael Mack

• Publisher: De Gruyter
• Year: 2011
• ISBN:
  9783110965964
• Edition: 1
• Topic: History
• Subtopic: World History
• Index: History

This essay is offered particularly as a contribution to the relationship between theological and literary writings on the Holocaust. Franz Baermann Steiner's (1909–1952) detailed sociological work – he taught at the Department of Social Anthropology at Oxford and developed a sociology of danger that strongly influenced Mary Douglas, T. W. Adorno, Iris Murdoch, H.G. Adler and Julia Kristeva – contrasts with Canetti's emphasis on shock. Canetti's response to the Holocaust constitutes, in Dominick LaCapra's terms, an 'acting out' of trauma: a comparison between Canetti's »Masse und Macht« and the anthropological texts he uses brings to the fore his bleak depicton of humanity.

By contrast, Steiner – in comparison to Canetti – lays emphasis on 'working through' the Holocaust, that is to say, on overcoming the paralysis of trauma by reflecting critically on values that might transform a damaged society. However, Canetti's depiction of humanity cannot entirely be seen in LaCapra's notion of 'acting out': for through the shock of 'acting out', Canetti nonetheless wants to bring about a 'working through'. Similarly, despite the 'working through' shock and trauma are dramatized in Steiner's poetry and his aphoristic writings. Morever, Canetti thematizes an ethical impact on his readership in his aphorisms. In response to the Holocaust both writers advance a theory of power: what Steiner calls danger, Canetti attacks as death. Steiner's and Canetti's respective responses to the Holocaust consists in a critique of static ways of thought, affirming 'metamorphosis', and deconceptualized understanding of the world which connects linguistic fluidity to the everchanging contextualities of social and embodied life.

Table of contents

• Acknowledgements
• Introduction: The Holocaust, Literature, Anthropology and History
• Part I: Elias Canetti – Anthropology as Literature
• 1 Science, Power, Literature and the Holocaust
• 1.1 The Lack of an Intellectual and a Historical Context: The Holocaust and the Symbolic Exertion of Power
• 1.2 Canetti – A Ruler?
• 1.3 Canetti – A Scholar or a Writer?
• 2 Auto Da Fé as a Negative Poetics
• 3 Canetti’s Literary Devices for the Exertion of Power
• 3.1 Canetti’s Thinking in Images
• 3.2 Canetti’s Use of Philosophical and Anthropological Literature
• 3.3 Metamorphosis and Totemism
• 3.4 Death
• 3.5 Authority and Power
• Part II: Franz Baermann Steiner – Anthropology and Totalitarian Terror
• 4 Anthropology and the Perception of Non-Western Peoples
• 4.1 The German Background
• 4.2 The Influence of Marcel Mauss’s Conceptual Approach
• 4.3 The Context of British Anthropology
• 4.4 Steiner’s Relationship to British Anthropology
• 5 An Oriental Undermines Orientalism
• 5.1 Steiner’s »A Comparative Study of the Forms of Slavery« and Said’s Orientalism
• 5.2 Taboo
• 5.3 Civilization
• Part III: Style, Law and Danger
• 6 Elias Canetti’s and Franz Baermann Steiner’s Notion of Literature as Scholarship
• 7 Coincidences Between Steiner’s Anthropology and Poetry
• 8 Law, Myth and Danger
• Conclusion: Steiner’s and Canetti’s Contribution to Debates About Postmodernity
• Bibliography
• Index