Energy, Environmental & Sustainable Ecosystem Development:International Conference on Energy, Environmental & Sustainable Ecosystem Development (EESED 2015)

International Conference on Energy, Environmental & Sustainable Ecosystem Development (EESED 2015)

Jamal Khatib

• Publisher: WSPC
• Year: 2015
• ISBN:
  9789814723015
• Topic: Biological Sciences
• Subtopic: Environmental Science
• Index: Biological Sciences

In the rapid development of global economics, energy, environmental & ecosystem are recognized as important factors for sustainable development in human society. The application of measurement and control technology also play a very important role in the utilization and protection of energy and the environment.2015 International Conference on Energy, Environmental & Sustainable Ecosystem Development (EESED 2015) is a multidisciplinary international conference that provides a platform for scientists, engineers and researchers worldwide to share their ideas and present solutions to energy, environmental & sustainable ecosystem development issues.In the rapid development of global economics, energy, environmental & ecosystem are recognized as important factors for sustainable development in human society. The application of measurement and control technology also play a very important role in the utilization and protection of energy and the environment.2015 International Conference on Energy, Environmental & Sustainable Ecosystem Development (EESED 2015) is a multidisciplinary international conference that provides a platform for scientists, engineers and researchers worldwide to share their ideas and present solutions to energy, environmental & sustainable ecosystem development issues.Researchers, academics, professionals and graduate students in environmental science.

MULTI-INFORMATION DATA RESEARCH ON COOKING FUMES IN COMBUSTION CHAMBER^*

Li-Wei, Song

Shenyang Fire Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security of PRC
No. 218-20, Wenda Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang City
Post Code: 110034, China
[email protected]

In the combustion chamber, by virtue of multi-information data collection system, we design three kinds of typical cooking fumes interference experiments to collect experimental data of multiple probe sensor information. After comparing with the national standard test fire experimental data, we obtain the characteristics and rules of cooking fumes interference experiments so as to provide detailed theoretical basis for smoke fire detectors to avoid cooking fumes interference.

Keywords: Smoke fire detector, multi-information data collection system, combustion chamber, cooking fumes.

1Introduction

The role of point-type smoke fire detector is to eliminate the interference and to timely and accurately determine the fire. However, due to its extremely complex installation environment as well as the impact and irregularities of air, dust, humidity, electromagnetic fields, electrical transients, electrostatic and human disturbances in the environment, its change characteristics are similar with the smoke or temperature change in fire, therefore, it constitutes a typical interference source for false alarm [1] [2]. These typical interference sources often cause false alarm of fire detection and alarm system.

Frequent false alarms will not only seriously reduce the trust level of users on service performance of fire detection and alarm system, but also will likely cause users to close fire detection and alarm system. Should a fire occur at that time, the loss and impact caused thereby will be immeasurable. Therefore, on the basis of interference source identification technology of fire detector application environment, design multi-information data collection system of fire irregular events, collect the multi-information data of fire irregular interference sources, analyze the multi-information change rule of fire irregular interference events. All the above provide assistance for designing new fire detector and also provide the possibility to reduce probability of fire detector false alarm and missed alarm, as well as provide theoretical basis for protecting modern buildings free from fire and reducing the loss caused by fire.

Cooking fume, as one of the main factors to cause false alarm of smoke fire detector, is a common false alarm source [3]. This paper selects three typical cooking fumes, by virtue of multi-information data collection system to collect multi-information experimental data and compare the same with the national standard test fire multi-information date to identify the difference among them and to research how to reduce the false alarm of point-type smoke fire detector due to cooking fumes.

2Experimental Test Device

The research data is obtained from fire irregular interference events multi-information collection system, and this system applies a variety of data collection devices and sensor integrated technology [4], which can measure fume concentration information, ambient temperature, humidity change information, related gas concentration information and point-type smoke fire detector test information under various interference conditions, can realize the real-time data collection and recording, and can completely track the change process and rule of various parameters during all kinds of typical interferences. The designed system block diagram is as shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 1 Fire Irregular Interference Events Multi-information Data Collection System Block Diagram

According to the characteristics and rules of the typical interferences process, this collection system integrates the following collection devices [5]: thermocouple group, CO infrared gas analyzer, carbon dioxide sensors, oxygen sensors, moisture tester, ion smoke concentration gauge and optical density gauge, three kinds of point-type smoke fire detectors: ion smoke fire detectors, forward scattering photoelectric smoke detector, back scattering photoelectric smoke detectors. The information collected by each collection device is shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Data Collection Device Information Table

Please see References [4] [5] [6] [7] for more comprehensive description for fire irregular events multi-information data collection system.

3Experimental Proposal

3.1Test site selection

Select the standard laboratory [7] as the test site for irregular interference events, and the related tests are carried out in such laboratory. The standard laboratory is 10m long and 7m wide, which height can be adjusted by lifting movable ceiling. The ceiling is of horizontal plane, and is made of heat-resisting and heat-insulating materials. The collection devices and instruments of data collection system are installed on the arc which takes ceiling center as circle center, with a radius of 3m and a central angle of 60°.

3.2Cooking fumes interference scenario settings

We design three kinds of cooking fumes irregular interference scenario, the first scenario is to directly pour the salad oil into the electric frying pan for heating, and start counting from the beginning of the heating until heating for eight minutes; the second scenario is to pour into the same amount of soybean oil for heating, after heating for 3 minutes, add soy sauce and chopped scallions and continue stirring for six minutes; the third scenario is to pour into the same amount of soybean oil for heating, after heating for four minutes, add one piece of pork for 5 minutes of continuous frying. As shown in Table 2.

Table 2. Typical Interference Scenario Settings

4Experimental Data Analysis

In scenario 1, as the salad oil temperature is not high in the initial heating stage, there is no smoke produced, and thus there is no change in various sensors; with the oil temperature gradually increasing, it begins to produce smoke at about 3 minutes, but the smoke amount is small, so there is no data change in each sensor, when heating for 4minutes, there is much smoke produced on the oil surface, so the values of each sensor begin to rise until the heating is stopped. The three kinds of fire smoke detectors change status is as shown in Fig. 2, and CO and CO₂ concentration change curve is as shown in Fig. 3. It is apparent from the figures that, the CO and CO₂ concentration is basically unchanged in the early stage, and CO concentration is increased slightly in later stage, but it only has changed 4ppm, which is insufficient to alarm.

Fig. 2 Scenario 1 Three Kinds of Smoke Detectors Curve

Fig. 3 Scenario 1 CO and CO₂ Concentration Change Curve

In scenario 2, at the beginning of the oil temperature’s rise, there is no change in each sensor, when add chopped scallions and soy sauce, the values of the three kinds of smoke detectors increases, but the increase in the back photoelectric detector is the maximum one, see Fig. 4. As the smoke appeared, the data of three kinds of smoke detectors, m value and y value are rising, while the values of the other sensors are basically unchanged.

Fig. 4 Scenario 2 Three Kinds of Smoke Detectors and y Value & m Value Curve

Fig. 5 Scenario 3 Three Kinds of Smoke Detectors Curve

In scenario 3, as the oil temperature gradually increased, the smoke is also gradually increased, in this process, the values of three kinds of fire detectors are gradually increased, as shown in Fig 5. In this process, CO concentration has not changed, and CO₂ concentration gradually increases, but the change amplitude is not great, just 200ppm, as shown in Fi...

Table of contents

• Cover Page
• Title
• Copyright
• Contents
• Preface
• Topics 1. Energy Science and Technology
• Topics 2. Environmental Science and Engineering
• Topics 3. Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development
• Topics 4. Energy, Environmental & Sustainable Ecological Development
• Topics 5. Infrastructure, Management and Environment