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eBook - ePub
Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation
Jinhuan Yang, Xiao Yuan, Liang Ji
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eBook - ePub
Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation
Jinhuan Yang, Xiao Yuan, Liang Ji
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Ă propos de ce livre
This book illustrates theories in photovoltaic power generation, and focuses on the application of photovoltaic system, such as on-grid and off-grid system optimization design. The principle of the solar cell and manufacturing processes, the design and installation of PV system are extensively discussed in the book, making it an essential reference for graduate students in photovoltaic field and industrial engineers.
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Informations
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 The significance of developing and utilizing solar energy
1.1.1 Fossil fuels are facing a crisis of depletion
With the continuous growth of the worldâs population and economic development, the demand for energy supply is increasing. In the current energy consumption structure, fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas are main sources.
The International Energy Outlook 2016 (IEO2016) issued by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) in May 2016 had a prediction of the international energy market before 2040 [1]. According to this report, total world consumption of marketed energy expands from 549 Ă 1015 Btu in 2012 to 629 Ă 1015 Btu in 2020, and to 815 Ă 1015 Btu in 2040, a 48% increase from 2012 to 2040 with an average annual growth rate of 1.4%. By 2040, the share of global fossil energy in the energy consumption structure will be still more than three-fourth. According to the statistics and forecast in this report, the primary energy consumption of some of the countries and regions in the world is shown in Tab. 1.1.
Tab. 1.1:World total primary energy consumption by region, reference case, 2011â40 (quadrillion Btu).
Region | History | Projections | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2011 | 2012 | 2020 | 2025 | 2030 | 2035 | 2040 | Average annual change (%) 2012â2040 | |
USA | 96.8 | 94.4 | 100.8 | 102.0 | 102.9 | 103.8 | 105.7 | 0.4 |
Canada | 14.5 | 14.5 | 15.1 | 15.6 | 16.3 | 17.1 | 18.1 | 0.8 |
Mexico/Chile | 9.3 | 9.2 | 9.8 | 10.5 | 11.6 | 12.8 | 14.3 | 1.6 |
Japan | 21.2 | 20.8 | 21.9 | 22.3 | 22.3 | 22.2 | 21.5 | 0.1 |
South Korea | 11.3 | 11.4 | 13.9 | 14.7 | 15.4 | 16.1 | 16.9 | 1.4 |
Australia/New Zealand | 6.9 | 6.8 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 8.5 | 9.2 | 10.1 | 1.4 |
Russia | 30.9 | 32.1 | 33.2 | 34.7 | 35.1 | 35.5 | 34.5 | 0.3 |
China | 109.4 | 115.0 | 147.3 | 159.4 | 170.4 | 180.7 | 190.1 | 1.8 |
India | 25.0 | 26.2 | 32.8 | 38.4 | 44.9 | 52.8 | 62.3 | 3.2 |
Middle East | 29.9 | 31.7 | 40.8 | 45.4 | 50.7 | 56.6 | 61.8 | 2.4 |
Africa | 20.1 | 21.5 | 26.1 | 30.0 | 33.8 | 38.4 | 44.0 | 2.6 |
Brazil | 14.8 | 15.2 | 16.3 | 18.1 | 20.0 | 22.0 | 24.3 | 1.7 |
Total world | 540.5 | 549.3 | 628.9 | 673.9 | 717.7 | 765.6 | 815.0 | 1.4 |
Source: EIA International Energy Outlook 2016.
IEO2016 report pointed out that in the consumption of fossil fuels, petroleum occupies a major share, and the share of natural gas grows fastest that will surpass coal around 2030; hence, the coal consumption tends to be stable. Renewable energy is the fastest growing energy source in the world, with an annual growth rate of 2.6%. By 2040, the supply of coal, natural gas, and renewable energy will achieve a balance, and the shares of world fuel requirements for electricity generation are 28â29% each.
As of December 2015, the proved world petroleum reserves, as reported by the Oil & Gas Journal, were estimated at 1,656 billion barrels: 2 billion barrels higher than the estimate at the end of 2014, and more than 80% of the worldâs proved reserves are concentrated in eight countries. In 2012, the production is 90 million barrels per day. It is expected that the production will be 100 million barrels per day in 2020 and reach 121 million barrels per day by 2040. Even calculated at 100 million barrels per day, it is estimated that petroleum can only be supplied for 45.4 years. Besides, the worldâs petroleum consumption is still growing at a rate of more than 1%/year. The world petroleum consumption by region in 1990â2040 is sho...
Table des matiĂšres
- Title Page
- Copyright
- Contents
- Chapter 1âIntroduction
- Chapter 2âSolar radiation
- Chapter 3âBasic principles of crystalline silicon PV cells
- Chapter 4âThin-film PV cells
- Chapter 5âConcentrator PV and solar tracker
- Chapter 6âPV module manufacturing
- Chapter 7âComponents of a PV system
- Chapter 8âPhotovoltaic power generation system design
- Chapter 9âPV projects construction, acceptance, and maintenance
- Chapter 10âApplications of photovoltaic systems
- Chapter 11âBenefit analysis of PV power generation
- Practice answers
- Index
Normes de citation pour Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation
APA 6 Citation
Yang, J., Yuan, X., & Ji, L. (2020). Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation (1st ed.). De Gruyter. Retrieved from https://www.perlego.com/book/2107300/solar-photovoltaic-power-generation-pdf (Original work published 2020)
Chicago Citation
Yang, Jinhuan, Xiao Yuan, and Liang Ji. (2020) 2020. Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation. 1st ed. De Gruyter. https://www.perlego.com/book/2107300/solar-photovoltaic-power-generation-pdf.
Harvard Citation
Yang, J., Yuan, X. and Ji, L. (2020) Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation. 1st edn. De Gruyter. Available at: https://www.perlego.com/book/2107300/solar-photovoltaic-power-generation-pdf (Accessed: 15 October 2022).
MLA 7 Citation
Yang, Jinhuan, Xiao Yuan, and Liang Ji. Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation. 1st ed. De Gruyter, 2020. Web. 15 Oct. 2022.