The Future of the Brain

Essays by the World's Leading Neuroscientists

Gary Marcus, Jeremy Freeman, Gary Marcus, Jeremy Freeman

• Éditeur: Princeton University Press
• Année: 2014
• ISBN:
  9781400851935
• Sujet: Psychology
• Sous-sujet: Cognitive Science

The world's top experts take readers to the very frontiers of brain science
Includes a chapter by 2014 Nobel laureates May-Britt Moser and Edvard Moser An unprecedented look at the quest to unravel the mysteries of the human brain, The Future of the Brain takes readers to the absolute frontiers of science. Original essays by leading researchers such as Christof Koch, George Church, Olaf Sporns, and May-Britt and Edvard Moser describe the spectacular technological advances that will enable us to map the more than eighty-five billion neurons in the brain, as well as the challenges that lie ahead in understanding the anticipated deluge of data and the prospects for building working simulations of the human brain. A must-read for anyone trying to understand ambitious new research programs such as the Obama administration's BRAIN Initiative and the European Union's Human Brain Project, The Future of the Brain sheds light on the breathtaking implications of brain science for medicine, psychiatry, and even human consciousness itself.Contributors include: Misha Ahrens, Ned Block, Matteo Carandini, George Church, John Donoghue, Chris Eliasmith, Simon Fisher, Mike Hawrylycz, Sean Hill, Christof Koch, Leah Krubitzer, Michel Maharbiz, Kevin Mitchell, Edvard Moser, May-Britt Moser, David Poeppel, Krishna Shenoy, Olaf Sporns, Anthony Zador.

INDEX

action potentials, 182, 231f, 244

Ahrens, Misha B., 17–24, 106

algorithms, 42; connectivity, 119; reverse engineering, 135–36

Allen, Jody, 39

Allen, Paul, 7, 28, 39, 113

Allen Brain Atlas, 8

Allen Institute for Brain Science, 7, 33, 113, 115, 120, 124, 262

Allen Mouse and Human Brain Atlases, 27

Allen Mouse Brain Connectivity Atlas, 12, 29, 33, 35f

Allen Reference Atlas, 29, 34

Alon, Elad, 243

ALS (amylotrophic lateral sclerosis), 229, 243

Alzheimer’s disease, 96, 122, 194, 195, 199, 266

Amazon, 103

amino acids, and proteins, 179

Amunts, Katrin, 14

Anderson, P. W., 183

Angelman syndrome, 236

animal: behavior of, 101–2, 106–7, 129, 132–33, 155–56, 169, 187–88, 192, 225, 261; models, xii, 79, 137, 154, 194, 238, 239f, 240

Aniston, Jennifer, 211

Apache Spark: open-source project, 103–4; Spark Streaming, 104

APIs (application programming interfaces), 104

Aplysia (sea slug), 259

artificial intelligence, 40, 41, 134, 258, 269

artificial neural networks, 97

astronomy, 95

autism, 11, 48, 194, 219, 235–37, 241, 256

automated data processing, 34

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes (BAC), 9

bag-of-tricks hypothesis: algorithms, 42–43

bar-codes: DNA, 46–48, 59; neurons, 53

Bargmann, Cornelia, 182, 265

Bayesian methods, 37

behavior, 1, 12–13, 25, 113, 125–26, 135–36, 145, 150, 154, 177, 178f, 205–7, 210, 234, 244; animal, 101–2, 106–7, 129, 132–33, 155–56, 169, 187–88, 192, 225, 261; brain and, evolving, 186–87; brain-body-environment connection, 121–22; brain simulation, 118–19, 267, 269; canonical neural computations, 179–84; circuits and, in computers vs. brains, 177–80; closing the sensorimotor loop, 18–20; of complex systems, 90, ...