Here at last is the indispensable resource that has helped the writers and editors of The Wall Street Journal earn a reputation for the most authoritative business writing anywhere. Originally written exclusively for the paper's staff, The Wall Street Journal Guide to Business Style and Usage is a landmark work. Many years in preparation, it has now been expanded and revised for anyone who wants to write well, but especially for those in the business community. The only book of its kind, it offers A-Z guidance on style and usage, bearing in mind the special needs of business professionals and including the latest business terminology.If ABC is no longer the American Broadcasting Company, what is it? What is the difference bet-ween "adjusted gross receipts" and "adjusted gross income"? How about the differences among "adopt, " "approve, " "enact" and "pass"? When should you say "affect" and when "effect"? When did Generation X end and Generation Y begin? And what the heck is the new name of Andersen Consulting? Our language is ever changing, ever mutating, and the choice of the right word bolsters your credibility with readers. As the go-to resource for these questions and others, The Wall Street Journal Guide to Business Style and Usage gives readers a competitive edge for succeeding in the world of business. It is an invaluable resource for any member of the business community who has ever had to write a memo, report, proposal, press release or e-mail.Destined to be the standard resource for years to come, The Wall Street Journal Guide to Business Style and Usage provides readers with access to the Journal Web site (www.wsjbooks.com), which will feature updates as new business terms enter the language or as old definitions or usages give way to new. This guide is the definitive reference work to keep close to your desk -- the last word for everyone who works with words.
The initials have become the formal name of the former American Automobile Association. Second reference may be to the automobile association. It is based in Heathrow, Fla.
a, an
Use a before consonant sounds: a historic event (the aspirated h is a consonant sound), a university (it sounds as if it begins with a yew), a one-year term (it sounds as if it begins with a w).
Use the article an before vowel sounds: an engagement, an hour (the h is silent), an M.B.A. (it sounds as if it begins with an e). Illogical though it may seem, make it an herb, but a herbal tea and a herbicide because the h in herb is silent, but the h in herbal and herbicide is sounded.
AARP
Use this in all references to the group that changed its name in 1998 from the American Association of Retired Persons.
abbreviations and acronyms
Widely recognized short forms are acceptable in second references, depending on the context. In general, for agencies such as the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, for example, try to use the bureau or the agency rather than BATF or the like after the first mention, to prevent a cluttered-looking text.
For proper-name acronyms of more than four letters, arbitrarily capitalize only the first letter: Ascap, Awacs, Swapo, Unicef. But unpronounceable abbreviations are uppercase: NAACP.
Seeorganizations and institutions.
Guidance on particular abbreviations and acronyms is provided in individual entries. BEFORE A NAME: Abbreviate certain titles when they are used before a name: Col., Gen., Gov., Lt. Gov., Rep., the Rev., Sen. But Mr., Mrs., Ms. and Dr. (see entries) normally are used with the surname, only after the use of the full name in an article. Form plurals by adding s to the abbreviation: Sens. Max Baucus and Bob Kerrey. See individual listings for commonly used names.
See alsocabinet titles; legislative titles; military titles; religious titles.
AFTER A COMPANY NAME: Abbreviate Co., Corp., Inc. and Ltd. after the name of a corporation.
See entries under these words. Also see foreign companies.
WITH DATES OR NUMERALS: Abbreviate A.D., B.C, a.m., p.m., No. and also certain months when they are used with the day of the month: In 45 B.C.; at 8:10 p.m.; bus No. 10; Nov. 17.
Seemonths and individual listings.
IN ADDRESSES: Abbreviate Avenue, Boulevard, Road and Street in addresses with numbers: They live on Sunset Avenueâat 64 Sunset Ave., to be exact.
Seeaddresses.
STATES AND NATIONS: State names of more than five letters are abbreviated when used after cities, except for Alaska and Hawaii. (See state names and individual entries of nations, as some are abbreviated in certain circumstances). U.S., U.K. and U.N. take periods, even in headlines. The U.S. abbreviation is used in most references, including company names.
COMPANIES AND ORGANIZATIONS: Abbreviated second references and acronyms donât take periods: GM, GE, CIA, DAR, FBI, HUD, GOP, UCLA, MIT.
Use the article the before abbreviated agencies, organizations and unions: the DAR, the FCC, the UAW; but donât use the article before acronyms: HUD, NATO. And donât use the article before company names.
AVOID the overuse of abbreviations and acronyms, and donât follow an organizationâs full name with an abbreviation or acronym in parentheses.
ABC
The subsidiary of Walt Disney Co. no longer uses the name American Broadcasting Co. ABC and ABC Television Network may be used in the first reference.
ABCs
able-bodied
ABM,ABMs
The abbreviations are acceptable in all references to antiballistic missiles, but the term should be defined in the story. Avoid the redundancy ABM missiles.
A-bomb
Use atomic bomb unless a direct quotation is involved.
abortion rights
(n.) abortion-rights (adj.) This is the preferred term to apply to the movement sometimes referred to as prochoice.
Seeantiabortion.
about-face
aboveboard
absent-minded
absent without leave
AWOL is acceptable in second references.
academic degrees
If mention of degrees is necessary to establish someoneâs credentials, the preferred form is to avoid an abbreviation and use instead a phrase such as: One has a doctorate and the other a masterâs in psychology. Abbreviations such as B.A., M.A., M.B.A., J.D. and Ph.D. should be used only in stories where the need to identify many individuals by degree on first reference would make the preferred form cumbersome. Use these abbreviations only after a full nameânever after just a last name. When in doubt about the proper abbreviation for a degree, follow the first listing in Websterâs New World Dictionary. IN HEADLINES: Use the same form, with the periods.
Seedoctor.
academic departments
Use lowercase except for words that are proper nouns or adjectives: the department of history, the history department, the department of English, the English department.
academic titles
Capitalize and spell out such formal titles as dean, president, chancellor and chairman when they precede a name. Lowercase elsewhere. But for professor: John Smith, a professor of history; the professor, Prof. Smith, Mr. Smith. See titles.
academy
Seemilitary academies.
Academy Awards
The awards, also known as the Oscars, are presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Lowercase the academy and the awards when they stand alone.
Accenture
It became the new name for Andersen Consulting after its split from Arthur Andersen, the accounting firm.
accept, except
Accept means to receive.
Except means to exclude.
access
As a verb, confine it to the technological sense: He accessed the files in a database. You may access your cash at an ATM.
accommodate
accounting firms
The Big Five are PricewaterhouseCoopers; Andersen Worldwide (parent of Arthur Andersen); Ernst & Young; KPMG LLP and Deloitte & Touche.
accounts payable
They are the current liabilities or debts of a business that must be paid soon, usually within a year.
accounts receivable
They are the amounts due to a company for merchandise or services sold on credit. These are considered short-term assets.
accused
To avoid implying the guilt of someone merely charged with a crime, donât us...
