Composite Body
A composite body refers to a material made from two or more different substances with distinct properties, combined to create a new material with enhanced characteristics. These substances can include polymers, ceramics, or metals, and the resulting composite body often exhibits improved strength, durability, and other desirable properties compared to its individual components.
5 Key excerpts on "Composite Body"
eBook - ePub- Julian Happian-Smith(Author)
- 2001(Publication Date)
- Butterworth-Heinemann(Publisher)
...Consequently, whilst there appeared to be exciting engineering possibilities for technical ceramics, in the 1980s, their potential has not yet been realized in vehicle design. 2.2.4 Composite materials A composite material is a combination of two materials, with its own distinctive properties. Its strength or other desirable quality is better or very different from either of its components working alone. The principal attraction of composite materials is that they are lighter, stiffer and stronger than most other structural materials. They were developed to meet the severe demands of supersonic flight, space exploration and deep water applications, but are now used in general engineering including automotive applications. Composite materials imitate nature. Wood is a composite of cellulose and lignin; cellulose fibres are strong in tension but flexible and lignin acts to cement the fibres together to create a material with stiffness. Man-made composites achieve similar results by combining strong fibres such as carbon or glass, in a softer matrix such as epoxy or polyester resin. In the broadest sense, most engineering materials are composites; for example, steels are painted to prevent rusting of valuable structural components. The more usual concept is illustrated by the bi-metallic strip used in water thermostats. Firstly, neither the iron nor the brass alone would be useful in this application. The combination of the two has an entirely new property. Secondly, the two components act together to equalize their different strains. This property of combined action is most important in the design of composite materials and components. The ideal load-bearing component or structure is made of a material that is light in weight, strong in tension and not easily corroded. It must expand very little with changes in temperature, with a high resistance to abrasion and a high softening or melting point...
- Sherif D. El Wakil(Author)
- 2019(Publication Date)
- CRC Press(Publisher)
...9 Characteristics, Fabrication, and Design of Composites 9.1 Overview A composite can be defined as a material made up of two (or more) identifiable materials (or phases), combined usually in an ordered fashion to provide specific properties different from and superior to those of the individual materials. Those two materials that constitute any composite are referred to as the matrix and the reinforcement. It is customary to classify composites based on the nature of their matrix materials. Based on that classification, there are three main groups: polymer-matrix, metal-matrix, and ceramic-matrix composites. Most naturally occurring structural materials such as timber are, in fact, composites. Moreover, the merits of crude forms of composites have been known for centuries; for instance, straw-reinforced clay was reportedly used as a building material in Egypt in 1500 BC. It is only in the past 60 years that composites—and fiber-reinforced polymers in particular—have become important engineering material. New synthetic high-strength, high-modulus fibers and new resins and matrix materials have elevated fiber-reinforced composites into the material of choice for innovative lightweight, high-strength engineered products. These developments, along with established engineering design criteria and special processing technology, have advanced fiber-reinforced composites close to the realm of a commodity material of construction. In the areas of automobile bodies, recreational boat hulls, and bathtubs and shower stalls, fiberglass-reinforced organic polymer resins have indeed become the material of choice. In more advanced applications, the first completely fiber-reinforced polymeric resin composite aircraft, the Boeing 787, came into existence in the 1980s and is now widely used by various airlines...
- Shashanka Rajendrachari, Orhan Uzun(Authors)
- 2021(Publication Date)
- Bentham Science Publishers(Publisher)
...Composites R. Shashanka, Orhan Uzun Abstract In this chapter, we have discussed the basics of composite materials, types, properties, and applications. Students will learn the fundamentals of composite materials and their importance in many engineering fields. Composite materials can be defined as “the combination of a hard and a soft material” or “these are the materials composed of different parts with specific ratios”. This chapter comprises of the advantages and disadvantages of composites and also focuses on different fabrication methods of preparing composites. Fundamentals of nanocomposites and their recent improvements are also added in this chapter. Keywords: Ceramic matrix, Composites, Fabrication, Fibers, Fiber-reinforced plastics, Fillers, Laminates, Metal matrix, Nanocomposites, Polymer matrix, Reinforcements, Resin. 1. INTRODUCTION In recent years, composite materials are becoming more popular due to the possibility of fabricating high-tech materials for modern applications. Composites (see Fig. 1) are revolutionary materials that have been used in various engineering fields for more than 60 years [ 1, 2 ]. The important advantages of composite materials over other bulk materials are their high strength to low weight ratios, their stiffness combined with low density [ 3 ]. The reinforcing phases are always harder, stronger than the matrix constituent, and impart greater strength and stiffness to the matrix. Composite is a future technology, and therefore, more and more research work is going on all over the world to improve the microstructure, mechanical properties, electrical properties, corrosion resistance properties, and surface properties. One of the earliest man-made composite materials are bricks made up of straw and mud for constructing buildings during the Egyptian era, as drawn in their tomb paintings [ 1 ]...
eBook - ePubComposite Materials
Properties, Characterisation, and Applications
- Amit Sachdeva, Pramod Kumar Singh, Hee Woo Rhee, Amit Sachdeva, Pramod Kumar Singh, Hee Woo Rhee(Authors)
- 2021(Publication Date)
- CRC Press(Publisher)
...The overall properties of composite materials are mainly decided by the individual constituents and the synthesis/preparation technique; therefore, reinforcement and the matrix are chosen to acquire specific properties meeting the requirement of the application. References 1. Mangalgiri, P. D. “Composite materials for aerospace applications.” Bulletin of Materials Science 22, no. 3 (1999): 657 – 664. 2. Kinsley-Jones, M. 2006 “Airbus’s A350 vision takes shape—Flight takes an in-depth look at the new twinjet”, Flight International 12 Dec. 2006 http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/airbus39s-a350-vision-takesshape-flight-takes-an-in-depth-look-at-the-new-211028/ 3. http://www.technologystudent.com/joints/reinforc1.html 4. Anon. “Composites Penetration—Step Change Underway with Intermediate Modulus Carbon Fiber as the Standard”, Hexcel Corporationx, http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/717605/000110465908021748/g97851bci012.jpg 5. Haghshenas, M. “Metal–matrix composites.” Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering (2016): 03950 – 03953. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.03950-3 6. Business Communications Company, RGB-108N Metal−matrix composites in the 21 st Century: Markets and Opportunities, 2006. http://www.bccresearch.com/marketresearch/advanced-materials/metal-matrix-compositesmarket-avm012d.html 7. Thakur, Vijay Kumar, Guoqiang Ding, Jan Ma, Pooi See Lee, and Xuehong Lu. “Hybrid materials and polymer electrolytes for electrochromic device applications.” Advanced materials 24, no. 30 (2012): 4071 – 4096. 8. Park, Chul Soon, Changsoo Lee, and Oh Seok Kwon. “Conducting polymer based nanobiosensors.” Polymers 8, no. 7 (2016): 249. 9. Omar, FatinSaiha, Navaneethan Duraisamy, K. Ramesh, and S. Ramesh. “Conducting polymer and its composite materials based electrochemical sensor for Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NADH).” Biosensors and Bioelectronics 79 (2016): 763 – 775. 10. Taherian, Reza...
eBook - ePubIntroduction to Engineering Mechanics
A Continuum Approach, Second Edition
- Jenn Stroud Rossmann, Clive L. Dym, Lori Bassman(Authors)
- 2015(Publication Date)
- CRC Press(Publisher)
...15 Case Study 7: Engineered Composite Materials In Chapter 14, we noted that some biological materials are “composites,” comprised of multiple materials with significantly different physical properties. The resulting combined materials have characteristics that are different from any of their component materials. Many engineered composite materials are designed with similar objectives, often yielding materials that are stronger, lighter, or less expensive than traditional materials. We characterize the components as “matrix” and “reinforcement;” composite materials should have at least one of each. The matrix material surrounds and supports the reinforcement materials by maintaining their relative positions. The reinforcements impart their particular mechanical and physical properties to enhance the matrix properties. Like biological materials, engineered composites are often anisotropic, due to the orientation of the reinforcements. Engineered composite materials include concrete (and its steel-reinforced form as well), fiber-reinforced plastic (including fiberglass), metal composites, and ceramic composites. 15.1 Concrete Concrete itself is a “composite,” in the sense that it results from the combination of several materials. It is composed of (1) coarse granular aggregate sometimes called filler, embedded in (2) a hard matrix (cement or another binder) that fills the spaces among the aggregate particles and binds them together with the aid of (3) water. The ancient Roman architect/engineer Vitruvius * first wrote down a recipe for concrete—his version included volcanic ash as the binder. The Roman Colosseum was constructed from concrete; more recently, the Hoover Dam and Panama Canal have made good use of this material. It is now the most widely used structural material worldwide. We often use steel bars (which are very strong) to reinforce concrete (which is stronger in compression than in tension)...
