Mastering Zabbix - Second Edition
eBook - ePub

Mastering Zabbix - Second Edition

Andrea Dalle Vacche

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eBook - ePub

Mastering Zabbix - Second Edition

Andrea Dalle Vacche

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Learn how to monitor your large IT environments using Zabbix with this one-stop, comprehensive guide to the Zabbix worldAbout This Book• Create a tailor-made monitoring solution based on your specific needs• Learn advanced techniques of Zabbix to monitor networks, performances, and other critical features in large environments• Integrate, customize, and extend your monitoring solutions with external components and softwareWho This Book Is ForThis book is intended for system administrators and IT architects who need to better integrate their Zabbix installation with their surrounding environment. A basic, working knowledge of Zabbix and Linux is assumed so that the book can focus on how to use every component to its full advantage. It will also be helpful to be familiar with programming concepts and languages but if not, all the content in the book is thorough and well documented.What You Will Learn• Efficiently collect data from a large variety of monitoring objects• Organize your data in graphs, charts, maps, and slide shows• Build intelligent triggers and alarms to monitor your network proactively• Write your own custom probes and monitoring scripts to extend Zabbix• Configure Zabbix and its database to be high available and fault-tolerant• Automate repetitive procedures using Zabbix's API• Integrate Zabbix with external systems• Understand the protocol and how to interact with it by writing your own custom agentIn DetailNowadays monitoring systems play a crucial role in any IT environment. They are extensively used to not only measure your system's performance, but also to forecast capacity issues. This is where Zabbix, one of the most popular monitoring solutions for networks and applications, comes into the picture. With an efficient monitoring system in place you'll be able to foresee when your infrastructure runs under capacity and react accordingly. Due to the critical role a monitoring system plays, it is fundamental to implement it in the best way from its initial setup. This avoids misleading, confusing, or, even worse, false alarms which can disrupt an efficient and healthy IT department.This new edition will provide you with all the knowledge you need to make strategic and practical decisions about the Zabbix monitoring system. The setup you'll do with this book will fit your environment and monitoring needs like a glove. You will be guided through the initial steps of choosing the correct size and configuration for your system, to what to monitor and how to implement your own custom monitoring component. Exporting and integrating your data with other systems is also covered.By the end of this book, you will have a tailor-made and well configured monitoring system and will understand with absolute clarity how crucial it is to your IT environment.Style and approachThis book is an easy to follow, step-by-step guide to monitoring network and performance in large environments with Zabbix. It is designed for real-world Zabbix administrators, and is comprised of a perfect mix of theoretical explanations and practical applications, making it your perfect companion.

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Informazioni

Anno
2015
ISBN
9781785281471
Edizione
2
Argomento
Informatica

Mastering Zabbix Second Edition


Table of Contents

Mastering Zabbix Second Edition
Credits
About the Author
Acknowledgments
About the Reviewers
www.PacktPub.com
Support files, eBooks, discount offers, and more
Why subscribe?
Free access for Packt account holders
Preface
What this book covers
Who this book is for
What you need for this book
Conventions
Reader feedback
Customer support
Downloading the example code
Errata
Piracy
Questions
1. Deploying Zabbix
Defining the environment size
Zabbix architectures
Installing Zabbix
Prerequisites
Setting up the server
Setting up the agent
Installing and creating the package
Installing from packages
Configuring the server
Installing the database
Some considerations about the database
Sizing the database
Some considerations about housekeeping
The web interface
The web wizard – frontend configuration
Capacity planning with Zabbix
The observer effect
Deciding what to monitor
Defining a baseline
Load testing
Forecasting the trends
Summary
2. Distributed Monitoring
Zabbix proxies
Deploying a Zabbix proxy
Zabbix's runtime proxy commands
Deploying a Zabbix proxy using RPMs
Considering a different Zabbix proxy database
Understanding the Zabbix monitoring data flow
Understanding the monitoring data flow with proxies
Monitoring Zabbix proxies
Security considerations
No network configuration
Network isolation
Simple tunnels
Secure Shell
Stunnel
A full-blown VPN
Summary
3. High Availability and Failover
Understanding high availability
Understanding the levels of IT service
Some considerations about high availability
Automating switchover/failover with a resource manager
Replicating the filesystem with DRBD
Implementing high availability on a web server
Configuring HTTPD HA
Understanding Pacemaker and STONITH
Pacemaker – is Quorum really needed?
Pacemaker – the stickiness concept
Pacemaker – configuring Apache/HTTPD
Configuring the Zabbix server for high availability
Implementing high availability for a database
Clustering of PostgreSQL
Mirrored logical volume with LVM and DRDB
Prerequisite tasks to start with DRBD on LVM
Creating a DRBD device on top of the LVM partition
Enabling resources in DRBD
Defining a primary device in DRDB
Creating a filesystem on a DRBD device
Pacemaker clusters – integrating DRBD
Enabling the DRBD configuration
Pacemaker – the LVM configuration
Pacemaker – configuring PostgreSQL
Pacemaker – the network configuration
Pacemaker – the final configuration
Cluster configuration – the final test
DRBD performance and optimization
DRBD efficient synchronization
Enabling DRBD online verification
DRBD – some networking considerations
Summary
4. Collecting Data
Gathering items as raw data
Understanding the data flow for Zabbix items
Understanding Zabbix trapper items
The data flow overview
Database monitoring with Zabbix
Delving into ODBC
Installing database drivers
MySQL ODBC drivers
PostgreSQL ODBC drivers
Oracle ODBC drivers
unixODBC configuration files
Compiling Zabbix with ODBC
Database monitor items
Some considerations about the ODBC SQL query
Zabbix JMX monitoring
Considering JMX security aspects
Installing a Zabbix Java gateway
Configuring Zabbix JMX
JMX keys in detail
Issues and considerations about JMX
Zabbix SNMP monitoring
SNMP queries
SNMP traps
The snmptrapd process
The perl trap handler
Monitoring Zabbix SSH
Configuring the SSH key authentication
Monitoring Zabbix IPMI
The first steps with IPMI
Configuring IPMI accounts
Configuring Zabbix IPMI items
Monitoring the web page
Authenticating web pages
Logging out
Aggregated and calculated items
Aggregated items
Calculated items
Summary
5. Visualizing Data
Graphs
Analyzing simple graphs
Analyzing ad hoc graphs
Hacking ad hoc graphs
Analyzing custom graphs
Reviewing all the combinations of graph properties
Visualizing the data through maps
Creating your first Zabbix map
Important considerations about macros and URLs
Finally, inside the map
Selecting elements
Playing with macros inside maps
Visualizing through screens
Creating a screen
Dynamic elements
Visualizing the date through a slide show
Controlling center slides and the big display challenge
Considerations about slides on a big display
Automated slide show
IT services
Configuring an IT service
Summary
6. Managing Alerts
Understanding trigger expressions
Selecting items and functions
Choosing between seconds and a number of measurements
The date and time functions
Trigger severity
Choosing between absolute values and percentages
Understanding operations as correlations
Managing trigger dependencies
Taking an action
Defining an action
The {EVENT.DATE} and {EVENT.TIME} macros
The {INVENTORY.SERIALNO.A} and friends macros
Defining the action conditions
Choosing the action operations
Steps and escalations
Messages and media
Remote commands
Summary
7. Managing Templates
Creating templates
Adding entities to a template
Using macros
User-defined macros
Importing and exporting templates
Linking templates to hosts
Nesting templates
Combining templates
Discovering hosts
The active agent auto-registration
Configuring the auto-registration
The real-case scenario
Low-level discovery
Summary
8. Handling External Scripts
External checks
The script's placement
Going deep into external checks
Going inside the script
General rules for writing scripts
Considerations about external checks
The user parameter
The flexible user parameter
Considerations about user parameters
Sending data using zabbix_sender
The new script
Writing a wrapper script for check_ora_sendtrap
The pros and cons of the dedicated script server
Working with Zabbix protocols
The Zabbix get protocol
The Zabbix sender protocol
An interesting undocumented feature
Using the clock properties in JSON items
The Zabbix agent protocol
Some more possible responses
The low-level discovery protocol
Communicating with Zabbix
Implementing the Zabbix_sender protocol in Java
Implementing the Zabbix sender protocol in Python
Some considerations about agent development
Summary
9. Extending Zabbix
Exploring the Zabbix API
First steps through th...

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