NanoBioMaterials

Bhupinder Singh, Bhupinder Singh

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2018
• ISBN:
  9781351138642
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Medicine
• Subtopic: Biotechnology in Medicine

The present book volume presents a holistic view of the aspects of nanobiomaterials incl. their stellar merits and limitations, applications in diverse fields, their futuristic promise in the fields of biomedical science and drug delivery. The federal ®ulatory issues on the usage of nanobiomaterials have been assigned due consideration.

1Applications of Nanostructured Biomaterials

Shweta Sharma,1 Ankush Parmar, and Surinder Kumar Mehta

1.1Introduction

1.2Nanobiomaterials and Their Applications

1.2.1Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs)

1.2.2Gadolinium Nanoparticles (GdNPs)

1.2.3Iron Oxide/Magnetic Nanoparticles (IONPs)

1.2.4Ceramic Nanoparticles (CENPs)

1.2.5Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles (TiONPs)

1.2.6Silica Nanoparticles (SiNPs)

1.2.7Semiconductor-Based Nanoparticles/Quantum Dots (SMNPs/QDs)

1.2.8Organic/Carbon-Based Nanoparticles (CNPs)

1.3Conclusions

Acknowledgment

References

1.1Introduction

Novel innovations in the realm of biomaterial engineering have imparted exceptional asphalt to build newer materials at their nanoscale levels for applications in biological arena. Latest advances in nanotechnology have made significant impact on the development of biomaterials in order to let these interact with a living system at a cellular and subcellular level (Ernest and Shetty, 2005). Rational integration of biomedical sciences with nanotechnology has, therefore, provided impeccable impetus for the growth of nanobiomaterials to facilitate studies beyond molecular level. A gamut of nanomaterials, including polymeric, ceramic, metallic and composite particles have been explored for their diverse applications in biomedical sciences such as drug delivery, tissue engineering scaffolds, bioimaging and biosensors. Accomplishing fruitful utilization of these nanomaterials in the medical field invariably encompasses appropriate surface alterations such as entrapment, oxidation or coating to attain better stability and solubility of these nanoparticles in various aqueous media and/or biological matrices.

Lately, extensive research has surrounded the development and synthesis of nanobiomaterials. New physical properties and new advancements, both in sample preparation and device fabrication, have been notably influenced by various developments in nanoscience. Astounding strides have been undertaken using nanotechnology in the production of new surfaces, materials and structures, leading eventually to unravel innovative applications in the biomedical field (Huang and Sayed, 2010). Conventional biomedical applications like biosensors, tissue engineering, controlled release systems, intelligent systems and nanocomposite tools as part of implant design, have been grossly benefitted from nanotechnology. Chapter 1, in this context, focuses on the diverse perspectives of various nanobiomaterials and their prospective applications.

1.2Nanobiomaterials and Their Applications

Various types of metallic nanobiomaterials are recognized with their promising biomedical applications, some of the vital ones are described below (Figure 1.1).

Figure 1.1Biomedical applications of metallic nanobiomaterials.

1.2.1Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs)

In the area of biomedical sciences, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been explored to a large extent. AuNPs ensure inimitable physicochemical properties, complemented by their nontoxicity. A multipurpose stage has been offered by AuNPs to nanosized biological fabrication with proteins (Yeh et al., 2012) and antibodies (Mukherjee et al., 20...