Advances in Nanotechnology and the Environmental Sciences

Applications, Innovations, and Visions for the Future

Alexander V. Vakhrushev, Suresh C. Ameta, Heru Susanto, A. K. Haghi, Alexander V. Vakhrushev, Suresh C. Ameta, Heru Susanto, A. K. Haghi

• Publisher: Apple Academic Press
• Year: 2019
• ISBN:
  9780429759185
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Biological Sciences
• Subtopic: Science General
• Index: Biological Sciences

Showcasing a selection of new research on nanotechnological applications for environmental protection along with new advanced technologies in nanochemistry, this volume presents an interdisciplinary approach that brings together materials science, chemistry, and nanotechnology. Part I of the volume looks at environmental topics that include an exploration of the challenges of the global water crisis and new technology in nanofiltration and water purification. It provides an informative overview of green nanotechnology, green nanomaterials, and green chemistry. Some of the advanced technologies discussed in Part II include the application of quantum dots, a nanochemical approach to using ICT technology, and new research on polymer nanocomposites as a smart material along with its synthesis, preparation, and properties. Other important topics are included as well.

PART I
Nanotechnology for Environmental Protection

CHAPTER 1

GLOBAL WATER CRISIS, NANOFILTRATION, THE VAST INNOVATIONS, AND THE VISION FOR THE FUTURE

SUKANCHAN PALIT^1,2

¹Assistant Professor (Senior Scale), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Energy Acres, Bidholi via Premnagar (P.O.), Dehradun–248007, India

²43, Judges Bagan, Haridevpur (P.O.), Kolkata–700082, India, Tel.: [phone], E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Human mankind and human scientific endeavor are today in the path immense scientific regeneration and vast scientific vision. In a similar manner, environmental engineering science and water science and technology are surpassing vast and versatile scientific frontiers. Today, global water status stands in the midst of deep scientific comprehension and vast scientific imagination. In this chapter, the author deeply comprehends the scientific progress in water technology and gives a vast glimpse in the recent innovations and the visionary technologies in water science and water purification. With assuring cadence and deep introspection, the author delves deep into the next-generation scientific innovations and scientific vision with the prime objective of furtherance of science and engineering. Global water crisis today is in the critical juncture of deep scientific catastrophe and vast scientific vision. The world today witnesses the burning issues of climate change, loss of ecological biodiversity, environmental disasters and depletion of fossil fuel resources. In such a situation, engineering science and technology need to be envisioned and readdressed with the passage of scientific history and visionary timeframe. In this chapter, the author pointedly focuses on traditional and non-traditional environmental engineering techniques such as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and membrane separation processes. Scientific innovation, deep scientific instinct, and the vast scientific needs of the human society are the torchbearers towards a newer era in the field of environmental engineering science and water technology. Global water shortage and research and development initiatives in environmental engineering science are today leading a long and visionary way in the true emancipation of global environmental sustainability. This chapter gives a wide glimpse on the vast scientific potential and the scientific success of environmental engineering tools mainly non-traditional techniques with a sole objective of furtherance of science and engineering. Nanofiltration is an area of scientific endeavor which needs to be re-envisioned and reframed as global water crisis surges forward to a deep catastrophe. In this well-researched chapter, the author also elucidates on the need of membrane separation processes such as nanofiltration and reverse osmosis in mitigating the global water shortage. The vast vision and the challenge of membrane science are elucidated in minute details.

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Science and technology are witnessing drastic and dramatic challenges in our present day human civilization. Environmental engineering science is moving from one visionary paradigm towards another. Environmental catastrophes, global climate change, loss of ecological biodiversity, and global water shortage has urged scientists and engineers to move towards the newer vision and newer innovation. The vision and the challenge of technology and engineering science are immense and path-breaking today. In this chapter, the author pointedly focuses on the immense importance of innovations and new technologies in water science and technology and the needs of water purification, drinking water treatment, and industrial wastewater treatment. Technological advancements, scientific vision and the needs of human society will all lead a long and effective way in the true emancipation of environmental engineering science today. This chapter is an eye-opener to the world of challenges in environmental engineering science and water purification. Modern science today stands in the midst of deep scientific introspection and vast technological vision. The needs of modern science are the visionary world of the provision of basic human needs such as food, water, shelter, and electricity. Environmental engineering paradigm is in the midst of deep vision and scientific fortitude. As human civilization moves forward towards a newer visionary era, environmental engineering science and water technology assume immense importance. In this chapter, the author pointedly and instinctively touches upon the grave concerns of global water shortage and global water hiatus and the immediate need for innovations and newer technologies. This chapter will open new avenues and new windows of vision and fortitude in the field of water science and technology in decades to come. The vision of science in global water research and development are immense and groundbreaking. Technology and engineering science have few answers to the scientific intricacies of arsenic and heavy metal groundwater remediation in developing and developed economies. Here needs the importance of environmental engineering tools such as membrane science and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs).

1.2 THE AIM AND THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY

Science and technology are huge colossus today with a vast vision of its own. Environmental engineering science and environmental protection in a similar manner stand in between vast scientific vision and scientific ingenuity. The aim and objective of this study is to articulate the visionary world of innovations in water science and technology and raise the awareness of global water catastrophe. In this chapter, the author deeply elucidates the scientific success, the scientific potential and the vast scientific imagination in the path towards innovations in environmental protection and water purification. The author in this chapter deeply comprehends the need of technology and engineering science in tackling global water shortage and global water hiatus. The author in this chapter pointedly focuses on human scientific fortitude and deep human scientific far-sightedness in grappling the worldwide problem of drinking water shortage, water purification, and industrial wastewater treatment. Engineering science and technology are today retrogressive with the passage of scientific history and visionary time-frame. Environmental engineering is in a state of immense scientific crisis and scientific acuity. This chapter opens up new thoughts and new ideas in the field of chemical process engineering, environmental engineering, biological sciences and applied geology in the tackling with the enigma of arsenic and heavy metal groundwater remediation. Human mankind’s immense scientific divination and prowess, the vast technological profundity and the immediate need of pure drinking water will all lead a long and visionary way in the true emancipation of water purification and drinking water treatment today. Industrial wastewater treatment is another corner-stone of this well-researched chapter. Industrial wastewater treatment is a burning issue of human civilization and human scientific endeavor today. Man’s immense scientific journey, mankind’s vast scientific vision and the research forays in environmental engineering are the veritable torchbearers towards a newer era in environmental protection. The purpose and the aim of this study are to proclaim the importance of water purification technologies in the sole objective of scientific advancement. Some of the other areas covered in this research treatise are nanofiltration and reverse osmosis and its immense importance in solving global water problems.

1.3 GLOBAL WATER SHORTAGE AND THE SCIENTIFIC DOCTRINE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

Global water shortage and global water hiatus are the scientific blunders of human civilization today. South Asia today stands in the midst of deep crisis and immense scientific fortitude. The scientific doctrine of environmental engineering science today needs to be envisioned and re-organized. Arsenic and heavy metal groundwater contamination is a burning issue in present-day human civilization. Human mankind stands in the midst of deep scientific devastation and in the similar manner vast scientific vision. Environmental engineering science thus needs to be streamlined with newer vision, and newer innovations as science and technology surge forward. Global water shortage and groundwater heavy metal contamination are the burning issues and are a veritable scientific enigma. Technology, engineering, and science have practically no answers to the marauding and monstrous issue of arsenic and heavy metal ground-water remediation. Scientific and academic rigor are today at the helm in every research and development initiatives in water purification and water technology. The vision and challenge of science are immensely retrogressive at this crucial juncture of scientific history and time.

1.4 THE VISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING TECHNIQUES

The vision of environmental engineering tools is today’s surpassing vast and versatile scientific frontiers. Human scientific imagination and scientific candor are in a state of immense devastation. Environmental engineering and chemical process engineering tools such as membrane science and AOPs are the utmost need of the hour as water purification, and drinking water treatment stands in the midst of scientific upheaval. This vision of water purification, drinking water treatment, and industrial wastewater treatment needs to be readdressed and revamped if global water crisis needs to be eliminated. The author in this chapter reiterates the success of the application of membrane science in water purification with the sole objective of furtherance of science and engineering. Desalination and water treatment are today linked by an unsevered umbilical cord. Human scientific progress in membrane science and water technology needs to be equally addressed and envisioned as science and engineering moves from one visionary paradigm to another.

1.5 THE STATUS OF GLOBAL WATER CRISIS

The status of the global water crisis is grave and needs immediate attention. South Asia particularly Bangladesh and India are in the threshold of major environmental crisis. Arsenic groundwater contamination is challenging the scientific firmament of Bangladesh and India. Drinking water contamination is at its helm in South Asia today. Water purification paradigm needs to be envisioned and restructured with the passage of scientific history and time. The state of global water crisis today stands in the midst of deep hope and scientific optimism. Scientific grit, vast scientific vision and the world of scientific challenges will all lead a long and effective way in the true emancipation of water science and water technology. Newer technology, newer innovation, and newer vision are the pivots of scientific endeavor in water purification today. The author pointedly focuses on human scientific progress in membrane science, AOPs, and non-traditional environmental engineering tools. Technology and engineering science are highly advanced today as human civilization moves from one environmental crisis to another. The answers to these environmental catastrophes are the new technologies and newer innovations. In this chapter, the author repeatedly proclaims the importance of membrane science, AOPs, and desalination in the scientific emancipation of water purification technologies. Human mankind needs to be alert to the disasters of climate change today. Climate change and loss of ecological biodiversity are challenging the scientific firmament today. These areas of scientific endeavor need to be streamlined as human civilization moves forward.

1.6 TRADITIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING TOOLS

Traditional environmental engineering tool was the cornerstones of scientific research pursuit previously. Sedimentation, flocculation, and activated sludge treatment are the conventional areas of industrial wastewater treatment. Industrial wastewater treatment and water purification thus stand in the midst of vast scientific vision and vast scientific cognizance. The immediate need of the hour is the scientific forays into non-traditional environmental engineering techniques such as membrane science and advanced oxidation techniques. Human scientific progress and strides of human civilization today needs to be envisioned and restructured as environmental engineering science moves towards a newer visionary realm. Today, water science and technology and water purification tools are vastly latent and need to be streamlined as human scientific progress surges forward. Science and engineering are two huge colossus today with a definite and purposeful vision of its own. In this chapter, the author reiterates with immense cadence and scientific candor the success of innovation and the need of technological profundity in the furtherance of environmental protection and environmental engineering. Human mankind’s immense scientific prowess, the needs of human society and the world of challenges in environmental protection and environmental engineering will all lead a long and visionary way in the true emancipation of environmental sustainability today. Sustainable development and infrastructural prowess are the pillars of human progress today. Environmental and energy sustainability are the need of the hour.

1.7 NON-TRADITION...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Halftitle Page
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• About The Editors
• About The AAP Research Notes on Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Book Series
• Table of content
• Contributors
• Abbreviations
• Preface
• Part I: Nanotechnology for Environmental Protection
• Part II: Advanced Technologies
• Index