Power System Protection in Smart Grid Environment

Ramesh Bansal

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2019
• ISBN:
  9780429686788
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Technology & Engineering
• Subtopic: Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications
• Index: Technology & Engineering

With distributed generation interconnection power flow becoming bidirectional, culminating in network problems, smart grids aid in electricity generation, transmission, substations, distribution and consumption to achieve a system that is clean, safe (protected), secure, reliable, efficient, and sustainable. This book illustrates fault analysis, fuses, circuit breakers, instrument transformers, relay technology, transmission lines protection setting using DIGsILENT Power Factory. Intended audience is senior undergraduate and graduate students, and researchers in power systems, transmission and distribution, protection system broadly under electrical engineering.

Section I

Faults Analysis and Power System Protection Devices

1

An Overview of Smart Grid in Protection Perspective

T. Adefarati and Ramesh Bansal

CONTENTS

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Major Functions of a Smart Grid System

1.3 Features of the Smart Grid

1.3.1 Demand Response

1.3.2 Load Balancing

1.3.3 Reliability

1.3.4 Peak Curtailment

1.3.5 Flexibility in Network Topology

1.3.6 Efficiency

1.3.7 Market Enabling

1.3.8 Sustainability

1.3.9 Environmental

1.3.10 Power Quality Management

1.4 Smart Grid Technologies

1.4.1 Communication System for the Smart Grid

1.4.1.1 Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

1.5 Sensing and Measurement

1.6 Smart Meter

1.7 Phasor Measurement Unit

1.8 Distributed Energy Resources

1.8.1 Energy Storage System

1.8.2 Electric Vehicle

1.9 Peak Load Management

1.9.1 Automated Intelligent Load Management

1.9.2 Intelligent Peak Demand Energy Storage System

1.10 Smart Grid Automation

1.10.1 Distributed Automation

1.10.1.1 Application of Distribution System Automation

1.10.2 Substation Automation

1.10.3 Feeder Automation

1.10.3.1 Advantages of Feeder Automation

1.10.4 Customer Automation

1.10.4.1 Benefits of Customer Automation

1.10.5 Cyber Security

1.11 Grid Code

1.11.1 Grid Code Compliance

1.12 Protection System in the Smart Grid

1.13 Importance of Protection in the Smart Grid

1.14 Challenges of Protective Devices in the Smart Grid

1.15 Tutorial Problems

1.16 Conclusion

References

1.1 Introduction

The smart grid is an efficient technology that intelligently monitors the behaviour and actions of the consumers that are connected to the power system with the application of network automation and control as a measure to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and secure electrical power supplies [1,2]. The major components that constitute the smart grid are consumers, markets, service providers, centralized operation system, generation sources, transmission system and distribution system, as presented in Figure 1.1. A smart grid utilizes state of the art technologies coupled with intelligent monitoring, control and communication facilities as well as emerging self-healing technologies are used to achieve the objectives of a power system. The smart grid can be used to reduce the number of power outages and costs that are associated with power outages as well as to reduce the impacts of terrorism or other sabotage on the grid. The application of intelligent solutions at the transmission and distribution (T&D) sections of the smart grid improves the capacity of the power system to accommodate renewable energy distributed generation technologies and improves the security of the power supply. This platform has the ability to run with various types of generating units and a number of applications at the same time, as shown in Figure 1.2. Smart grid is an interconnection of modern communication and information technologies along with control and automation processes across entire electrical power system that consists of generation, transmission, distribution and consumer. The purpose of smart grid is to make existing power system facilities more robust, depen...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half Title
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Table of Contents
• Preface
• Editor
• Contributors
• Section I Faults Analysis and Power System Protection Devices
• Section II Transmission Line Protection
• Section III Equipment Protection: Motor, Transformer, Generator, Substation Automation and Control; Overvoltage and Lightening Protection
• Section IV Power Quality Issues, Reliability, Wide Area and System Protection; and Renewable DG Protection
• Index