5G-Enabled Internet of Things

Yulei Wu, Haojun Huang, Cheng-Xiang Wang, Yi Pan, Yulei Wu, Haojun Huang, Cheng-Xiang Wang, Yi Pan

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2019
• ISBN:
  9780429576287
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Computer Science
• Subtopic: Information Technology
• Index: Computer Science

How the enabling technologies in 5G as an integral or as a part can seamlessly fuel the IoT revolution is still very challenging. This book presents the state-of-the-art solutions to the theoretical and practical challenges stemming from the integration of 5G enabling technologies into IoTs in support of a smart 5G-enabled IoT paradigm, in terms of network design, operation, management, optimization, privacy and security, and applications. In particular, the technical focus covers a comprehensive understanding of 5G-enabled IoT architectures, converged access networks, privacy and security, and emerging applications of 5G-eabled IoT.

5G ACCESS NETWORK FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS

II

Chapter 6

5G Small Cells: The Harbinger of the Internet of Things and Connected Living

Abhishek Roy, Navrati Saxena, and Sukhdeep Singh

Contents

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Related Work

6.3 A New Prototype of IoT Gateway Over 5G Wireless Networks

6.3.1 Simulation Setup and Results Discussion

6.4 Efficient Smart Grids Demand Response Using Optimal 5G Small Cell Planning and eMBMS

6.4.1 Simulation Setup and Results Discussion

6.5 5G IoT Open Issues and Solutions

6.6 Conclusion and Future Research Issues

References

6.1 Introduction

The seminal work of British entrepreneur Kevin Ashton unveiled the new concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) [1]. The IoT refers to physical objects, or things, equipped with sensors, software and network connectivity for automatic information exchange. Interestingly, in the domain of the IoT, “things” refers to a wide variety of devices including monitoring cameras, health-care devices, biochips, and smart cars. The rapid increase in the usage of smart phones and the ratification of new communication standards are gradually taking us toward the vision of the IoT. We expect that this momentum of the IoT will continue to increase its impact on industry and household applications, thereby offering a better quality of life and new industrial opportunities in the near future. Such a massive connectivity, involving a myriad of devices, mandates the use of some sophisticated gateway for efficient Internet connectivity. Naturally, the network designer can opt for different candidate access technologies for this gateway design. Although wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) could be an obvious choice for many applications, it suffers from increasing packet collisions with an increasing number of access uplinks. Moreover, traditional Wi-Fi is not suitable for quality of service (QoS) support and consumes a fair amount of power. Thus, some or the other form of flexible wireless access technology seems to be necessary for a massive roll out of IoT. Note that a set of emerging applications like smart cities, traffic monitoring and smart grids (SGs) also offer new markets to the legacy wireless operators for enhancing their revenues. As a result, de facto wide, the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has included narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) in its standards. However, the inherent human-centric fourth-generation (4G) long-term evolution (LTE)/LTE Advanced (LTE-Adv.) cellular networks are not efficient enough to support this massive IoT connectivity.

First, the IoT is expected to include a large number of devices with automated connectivity. Unfortunately, current commercial 4G systems mostly support only around 1,000 connected users or devices per cell [2]. With increasing numbers of users, the LTE Radio Resource Control (RRC) block triggers session admission control to reject the new connections [2]. Moreover, the communications from a myriad of IoT devices might also sporadically impose huge traffic bursts on wireless cellular networks. With an exponential increase in wireless data usage, it is quite unlikely that 4G wireless networks will be able to sustain the traffic demand. On top of all this, there is the “curse of heterogeneity,” which involves a variety of devices with different applications, data size and QoS requirements. These challenges are continuously fueling new research investigations in different areas of wireless communications for IoT. 5G wireless networks, under the aegis of 3GPP New Radio (NR), are gradually exploiting NR technologies for providing better coverage, higher data rates, dense connectivity and superior IoT experience at a reasonable cost. However, ultra-dense 5G wireless networks also suffer from high energy consumption. The emerging concepts of cloud radio access networks (C-RAN) and virtualized radio access networks (V-RAN) are offering some solutions for energy efficiency, environmental sustainability and reduction in a network’s OPerating EXpenditures (OPEX). We believe that in future, V-RAN will evolve toward supporting massive IoT-enabled devices and applications. This motivates us to discuss some of our own 5G-enabled solutions for providing efficient connectivity to IoT devices.

We begin with a brief discussion on the major related works in IoT and also highlight the generic and some country-specific IoT developments. Subsequently, we explain our own design and prototyping of 5G-enabled IoT gateways. The gateways explore efficient uplink IoT traffic classification and optimal uplink data (traffic) compression strategies to reduce the uplink traffic burden and increase the utilization of scarce orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) resources. Next, we point out how optimal 5G small cell plannin...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half Title
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Table of Contents
• Preface
• Editors
• Contributors
• SECTION I 5G-ENABLED INTERNET OF THINGS: ARCHITECTURE AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES
• SECTION II 5G ACCESS NETWORK FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS
• SECTION III PRIVACY AND SECURITY ISSUES
• SECTION IV EMERGING APPLICATIONS OF THE 5G-ENABLED INTERNET OF THINGS
• Index