CHAPTER I
IN WHICH THE READER IS INTRODUCED TO A MAN OF HUMANITY
Late in the afternoon of a chilly day in February, two gentlemen were sitting alone over their wine, in a well-furnished dining parlor, in the town of Pâ, in Kentucky. There were no servants present, and the gentlemen, with chairs closely approaching, seemed to be discussing some subject with great earnestness.
For convenience sake, we have said, hitherto, two gentlemen. One of the parties, however, when critically examined, did not seem, strictly speaking, to come under the species. He was a short, thick-set man, with coarse, commonplace features, and that swaggering air of pretension which marks a low man who is trying to elbow his way upward in the world. He was much over-dressed, in a gaudy vest of many colors, a blue neckerchief, bedropped gayly with yellow spots, and arranged with a flaunting tie, quite in keeping with the general air of the man. His hands, large and coarse, were plentifully bedecked with rings; and he wore a heavy gold watch-chain, with a bundle of seals of portentous size, and a great variety of colors, attached to it,âwhich, in the ardor of conversation, he was in the habit of flourishing and jingling with evident satisfaction. His conversation was in free and easy defiance of Murrayâs Grammar,* and was garnished at convenient intervals with various profane expressions, which not even the desire to be graphic in our account shall induce us to transcribe. His companion, Mr. Shelby, had the appearance of a gentleman; and the arrangements of the house, and the general air of the housekeeping, indicated easy, and even opulent circumstances. As we before stated, the two were in the midst of an earnest conversation.
âThat is the way I should arrange the matter,â said Mr. Shelby.
âI canât make trade that wayâI positively canât, Mr. Shelby,â said the other, holding up a glass of wine between his eye and the light.
âWhy, the fact is, Haley, Tom is an uncommon fellow; he is certainly worth that sum anywhere,âsteady, honest, capable, manages my whole farm like a clock.â
âYou mean honest, as niggers go,â said Haley, helping himself to a glass of brandy.
âNo; I mean, really, Tom is a good, steady, sensible, pious fellow. He got religion at a camp-meeting, four years ago; and I believe he really did get it. Iâve trusted him, since then, with everything I have,âmoney, house, horses,âand let him come and go round the country; and I always found him true and square in everything.â
âSome folks donât believe there is pious niggers Shelby,â said Haley, with a candid flourish of his hand, âbut I do. I had a fellow, now, in this yer last lot I took to Orleansâât was as good as a meetin, now, really, to hear that critter pray; and he was quite gentle and quiet like. He fetched me a good sum, too, for I bought him cheap of a man that was âbliged to sell out; so I realized six hundred on him. Yes, I consider religion a valeyable thing in a nigger, when itâs the genuine article, and no mistake.â
âWell, Tomâs got the real article, if ever a fellow had,â rejoined the other. âWhy, last fall, I let him go to Cincinnati alone, to do business for me, and bring home five hundred dollars. âTom,â says I to him, âI trust you, because I think youâre a ChristianâI know you wouldnât cheat.â Tom comes back, sure enough; I knew he would. Some low fellows, they say, said to himâTom, why donât you make tracks for Canada?â âAh, master trusted me, and I couldnât,ââthey told me about it. I am sorry to part with Tom, I must say. You ought to let him cover the whole balance of the debt; and you would, Haley, if you had any conscience.â
âWell, Iâve got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to keep,âjust a little, you know, to swear by, as ât were,â said the trader, jocularly; âand, then, Iâm ready to do anything in reason to âblige friends; but this yer, you see, is a leetle too hard on a fellowâa leetle too hard.â The trader sighed contemplatively, and poured out some more brandy.
âWell, then, Haley, how will you trade?â said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy interval of silence.
âWell, havenât you a boy or gal that you could throw in with Tom?â
âHum!ânone that I could well spare; to tell the truth, itâs only hard necessity makes me willing to sell at all. I donât like parting with any of my hands, thatâs a fact.â
Here the door opened, and a small quadroon boy, between four and five years of age, entered the room. There was something in his appearance remarkably beautiful and engaging. His black hair, fine as floss silk, hung in glossy curls about his round, dimpled face, while a pair of large dark eyes, full of fire and softness, looked out from beneath the rich, long lashes, as he peered curiously into the apartment. A gay robe of scarlet and yellow plaid, carefully made and neatly fitted, set off to advantage the dark and rich style of his beauty; and a certain comic air of assurance, blended with bashfulness, showed that he had been not unused to being petted and noticed by his master.
âHulloa, Jim Crow!â said Mr. Shelby, whistling, and snapping a bunch of raisins towards him, âpick that up, now!â
The child scampered, with all his little strength, after the prize, while his master laughed.
âCome here, Jim Crow,â said he. The child came up, and the master patted the curly head, and chucked him under the chin.
âNow, Jim, show this gentleman how you can dance and sing.â The boy commenced one of those wild, grotesque songs common among the negroes, in a rich, clear voice, accompanying his singing with many comic evolutions of the hands, feet, and whole body, all in perfect time to the music.
âBravo!â said Haley, throwing him a quarter of an orange.
âNow, Jim, walk like old Uncle Cudjoe, when he has the rheumatism,â said his master.
Instantly the flexible limbs of the child assumed the appearance of deformity and distortion, as, with his back humped up, and his masterâs stick in his hand, he hobbled about the room, his childish face drawn into a doleful pucker, and spitting from right to left, in imitation of an old man.
Both gentlemen laughed uproariously.
âNow, Jim,â said his master, âshow us how old Elder Robbins leads the psalm.â The boy drew his chubby face down to a formidable length, and commenced toning a psalm tune through his nose, with imperturbable gravity.
âHurrah! bravo! what a young âun!â said Haley; âthat chapâs a case, Iâll promise. Tell you what,â said he, suddenly clapping his hand on Mr. Shelbyâs shoulder, âfling in that chap, and Iâll settle the businessâI will. Come, now, if that ainât doing the thing up about the rightest!â
At this moment, the door was pushed gently open, and a young quadroon woman, apparently about twenty-five, entered the room.
There needed only a glance from the child to her, to identify her as its mother. There was the same rich, full, dark eye, with its long lashes; the same ripples of silky black hair. The brown of her complexion gave way on the cheek to a perceptible flush, which deepened as she saw the gaze of the strange man fixed upon her in bold and undisguised admiration. Her dress was of the neatest possible fit, and set off to advantage her finely moulded shape;âa delicately formed hand and a trim foot and ankle were items of appearance that did not escape the quick eye of the trader, well used to run up at a glance the points of a fine female article.
âWell, Eliza?â said her master, as she stopped and looked hesitatingly at him.
âI was looking for Harry, please, sir;â and the boy bounded toward her, showing his spoils, which he had gathered in the skirt of his robe.
âWell, take him away then,â said Mr. Shelby; and hastily she withdrew, carrying the child on her arm.
âBy Jupiter,â said the trader, turning to him in admiration, âthereâs an article, now! You might make your fortune on that ar gal in Orleans, any day. Iâve seen over a thousand, in my day, paid down for gals not a bit handsomer.â
âI donât want to make my fortune on her,â said Mr. Shelby, dryly; and, seeking to turn the conversation, he uncorked a bottle of fresh wine, and asked his companionâs opinion of it.
âCapital, sir,âfirst chop!â said the trader; then turning, and slapping his hand familiarly on Shelbyâs shoulder, he addedâ
âCome, how will you trade about the gal?âwhat shall I say for herâwhatâll you take?â
âMr. Haley, she is not to be sold,â said Shelby. âMy wife would not part with her for her weight in gold.â
âAy, ay! women always say such things, cause they haânt no sort of calculation. Just show âem how many watches, feathers, and trinkets, oneâs weight in gold would buy, and that alters the case, I reckon.â
âI tell you, Haley, this must not be spoken of; I say no, and I mean no,â said Shelby, decidedly.
âWell, youâll let me have the boy, though,â said the trader; âyou must own Iâve come down pretty handsomely for him.â
âWhat on earth can you want with the child?â said Shelby.
âWhy, Iâve got a friend thatâs going into this yer branch of the businessâwants to buy up handsome boys to raise for the market. Fancy articles entirelyâsell for waiters, and so on, to rich âuns, that can pay for handsome âuns. It sets off one of yer great placesâa real handsome boy to open door, wait, and tend. They fetch a good sum; and this little devil is such a comical, musical concern, heâs just the article!â
âI would rather not sell him,â said Mr. Shelby, thoughtfully; âthe fact is, sir, Iâm a humane man, and I hate to take the boy from his mother, sir.â
âO, you do?âLa! yesâsomething of that ar natur. I understand, perfectly. It is mighty onpleasant getting on with women, sometimes, I alâays hates these yer screechin,â screaminâ times. They are mighty onpleasant; but, as I manages business, I generally avoids âem, sir. Now, what if you get the girl off for a day, or a week, or so; then the thingâs done quietly,âall over before she comes home. Your wife might get her some ear-rings, or a new gown, or some such truck, to make up with her.â
âIâm afraid not.â
âLor bless ye, yes! These critters ainât like white folks, you know; they gets over things, only manage right. Now, they say,â said Haley, assuming a candid and confidential air, âthat this kind oâ trade is hardening to the feelings; but I never found it so. Fact is, I never could do things up the way some fellers manage the business. Iâve seen âem as would pull a womanâs child out of her arms, and set him up to sell, and she screechinâ like mad all the time;âvery bad policyâdamages the articleâmakes âem quite unfit for service sometimes. I knew a real handsome gal once, in Orleans, as was entirely ruined by this sort oâ handling. The fellow that was trading for her didnât want her baby; and she was one of your real high sort, when her blood was up. I tell you, she squeezed up her child in her arms, and talked, and went on real awful. It kinder makes my blood run cold to think of ât; and when they carried off the child, and locked her up, she jest went ravinâ mad, and died in a week. Clear waste, sir, of a thousand dollars, just for want of management,âthereâs where ât is. Itâs always best to do the humane thing, sir; thatâs been my experience.â And the trader leaned back in his chair, and folded his arm, with an air of virtuous decision, apparently considering himself a second Wilberforce.
The subject appeared to interest the gentleman deeply; for while Mr. Shelby was thoughtfully peeling an orange, Haley broke out afresh, with becoming diffidence, but as if actually driven by the force of truth to say a few words more.
âIt donât look well, now, for a feller to be praisinâ himself; but I say it jest because itâs the truth. I believe Iâm reckoned to bring in about the finest droves of niggers that is brought in,âat least, Iâve been told so; if I have once, I reckon I have a hundred times,âall in good case,âfat and likely, and I lose as few as any man in the business. And I lays it all to my management, sir; and humanity, sir, I may say, is the great pillar of my management.â
Mr. Shelby did not know what to say, and so he said, âIndeed!â
âNow, Iâve been laughed at for my notions, sir, and Iâve been talked to. They anât popâlar, and they anât common; but I stuck to âem, sir; Iâve stuck to âem, and realized well on âem; yes, sir, they have paid their passage, I may say,â and the trader laughed at his joke.
There was something so piquant and original in these elucidations of humanity, that Mr. Shelby could not help laughing in company. Perhaps you laugh too, dear reader; but you know humanity comes out in a variety of strange forms now-a-days, and there is no end to the odd things that humane people will say and do.
Mr. Shelbyâs laugh encouraged the trader to proceed.
âItâs strange, now, but I never could beat this into peopleâs heads. Now, there was Tom Loker, my old partner, down in Natchez; he was a clever fellow, Tom was, only the very devil with niggers,âon principle ât was, you see, for a better hearted feller never broke bread; ât was his system, sir. I used to talk to Tom. âWhy, Tom,â I used to say, âwhen your gals takes on and cry, whatâs the use oâ crackin onâ âem over the head, and knockinâ on âem round? Itâs ridiculous,â says I, âand donât do no sort oâ good. Why, I donât see no harm in their cryinâ,â says I; âitâs natur,â says I, âand if natur canât blow off one way, it will another. Besides, Tom,â says I, âit jest spiles your gals; they get sickly, and down in the mouth; and sometimes they gets ugly,âparticular yallow gals do,âand itâs the devil and all gettinâ on âem broke in. Now,â says I, âwhy canât you kinder coax âem up, and speak âem fair? Depend on it, Tom, a little humanity, thrown in along, goes a heap further than all your jawinâ and crackinâ; and it pays better,â says I, âdepend on ât.â But Tom couldnât get the hang on ât; and he spiled so many for me, that I had to break off with him, though he was a good-hearted fellow, and as fair a business hand as is goinâ.â
âAnd do you find your ways of managing do the business better than Tomâs?â said Mr. Shelby.
âWhy, yes, sir, I may say so. You see, when I any ways can, I takes a leetle ca...