Echinoderm studies 4 (1993)

Michel Jangoux

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2020
• ISBN:
  9781000154108
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Tecnologia e ingegneria
• Subtopic: Ingegneria generale

Echinoderm Studies is a biennial series in which comprehensive surveys of selected topics are presented. A guiding principle of the series is to cover all aspects of echinoderm biology so as to promote a better comprehension of this group of animals.

An index of names of recent Asteroidea – Part 2: Valvatida

AILSA M. CLARK

Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)], London, UK

Present address: Gyllyngdune, Wivelsfield Green, Sussex, RH17 7QS, UK

Final manuscript acceptance: October 1990.

INTRODUCTION

Explanation of the procedure followed in this index was given in the Introduction to part 1. However, the type conventions followed may be briefly repeated here: Valid names for genera and species are given in bold type when in their definitive position but in italics in cross references where either genus-group names have been altered in rank or species have been transferred to other genera; names in ordinary type are synonyms or otherwise invalid. Asterisks before names signify doubtful or threatened ones needing further attention, while asterisks under Range indicate the type localities (however, these have not been checked for some species).

This part includes the rather heterogeneous order Valvatida Perrier, 1884, the current scope and sequence of which largely follows the proposals of Blake (1981 and 1987) rather than those of Spencer & Wright (1966, ‘Treatise of Invertebrate Paleontology’) who revived the order for the non-paxillosidan Phanerozonia of Sladen (1889) followed by Fisher (1911c). Blake (1981) transferred to the Valvatida a number of families formerly included in the Spinulosida.

In recent years there has been some controversy about the ordinal position of certain families, notably the Caymanostellidae Belyaev, 1974. Aziz & Jangoux (1984b) believed that its affinities are closest to the Asterinidae, which was one of the families transferred to the Valvatida by Blake (1981). However, Blake himself (1987) aligned the Caymanostellidae close to the Korethrasteridae in the Velatida, being followed in this by Smith (1988). Rowe et al. (1988) and Rowe (1989b) thought that all three families – the Asterinidae, Korethrasteridae and Caymanostellidae – are related and should be included in the order Valvatida. Since the classification used by A.M. Clark & Downey in ‘Starfishes of the Atlantic’ (finally published 1992 while this index was in press), generally follows that of Blake, the Caymanostellidae accordingly follows the Korethrasteridae in the Velatida. The same alignment is being adopted here so both families are deferred to part 3 of this index.

The limit between the Goniasteridae and the Oreasteridae has also been a subject of controversy with the views of Döderlein (1935) differing markedly from those of Fisher (1911c and 1919a), the latter postulating several subfamilies of the Goniasteridae, certain genera of which were abstracted for inclusion in the Oreasteridae (sensu ext.) by Döderlein. For want of a detailed revision, the compromise treatment used by Spencer & Wright (1966), when they listed many genera of Goniasteridae as incertae sedis, is followed here.

Since submission of this typescript, ‘Starfishes of the Atlantic’ by Clark and Downey (Natural History Museum, London & Chapman and Hall, 1992) has been published, including a number of charges in synonymy in addition to those mentioned in preliminary papers and included here.

Order VALVATIDA Perrier

Family CHAETASTERIDAE Sladen

Linckiidae (Chaetasterinae) Sladen, 1889: 398; Perrier 1893: 852; 1894: 328.

Chaetasteridae: Ludwig 1897: 134, 156; Tortonese 1965: 153; Spencer & Wright 1966: U56.

Ophidiasteridae (pt) Downey 1973: 62.

Genus-group names: [Astropus], Chaetaster.

[ASTROPUS Gray, 1840: 182. As subgenus of Astropecten. Type species: Astropecten (Astropus) longipes Gray. Type locality ‘Isle of France’ (Mauritius). Assumed by Sladen (1889: 398) followed by Döderlein (1917) to be conspecific with Asterias longipes Retzius, 1805 so making Astropus a synonym of Chaetaster Müller & Troschel, 1840. However, three factors suggest otherwise: The non-atlantic locality, the recognition by Gray of Chaetaster longipes (though under the name of Nepanthia tessellata) isolated from Astropecten in his classification, and finally his description, which accords better with Archaster (Archasteridae). The holotype could not be traced in the British Museum collections.]

CHAETASTER Müller & Troschel, 1840

Müller & Troschel, 1840a: 103; 1840b: 321; 1842: 27; Viguier 1878:147; Sladen 1889: 398; Perrier 1896: 43; Ludwig 1897: 155; Fisher 1911c: 18, 20, 21; Verrill 1914a: 115; 1915: 115; Tortonese, 1965: 154; Downey 1973:62.

Type species: Asterias subulata Lamarck, 1816, a synonym of Asterias longipes Retzius, 1805.

borealis Düben, 1845: 113; a NOMEN NUDUM, undescribed

*californicus Grube, 1865

Grube 1865: 52.

Type locality presumably California but not stated.

Possibly a synonym of Henricia leviuscula (Stimpson, 1857) (Echinasteridae) according to Fisher (1911).

cylindratus Möbius 1859: 1. Probably a synonym of Nepanthia maculata Gray, 1840 (Asterinidae) according to Sladen (1889).

hermanni Müller & Troschel, 1842:27. A synonym of Stichastrella rosea (O. F. Müller, 1776) (Asteriidae) according to Döderlein in Jangoux (1986b).

longipes (Retzius, 1805) (with synonyms Asterias subulata Lamarck, 1816 and Nepanthia tessellata Gray, 1840)

Retzius 1805: 20 (as Asterias).

M. Sars 1857: 51; Perrier 1875: 329 [1876: 249]; Perrier 1894: 329; Ludwig 1897: 134; Verrill 1915: 117; Koehler 1924: 140; Mortensen 1927: 95; Nobre 1930: 44; Madsen 1950: 219; Tortonese 1965: 154; Pawson 1978:9.

Range: Mediterranean, Atlantic Spai...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half Title
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Table of Contents
• How to study evolution in echinoderms?
• Comparative physiology of echinoderm muscle
• Pharmacological effects of compounds from echinoderms
• An index of names of recent Asteroidea – Part 2: Valvatida
• Note from the Editors