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CAD/CAM Dictionary
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About This Book
This book presents general computer definitions and abbreviations as well as application-specification terminology related to the world of CAD/CAM in alphabetical order.
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CAD/CAM Dictionary
2-1/2-D: An abbreviation for Two-and-a-half Dimensional.
2-D: An abbreviation for Two-Dimensional.
3-D: An abbreviation for Three-Dimensional.
bpi: An acronym for Bits Per Inch.
ips: An acronym for Inches Per Second.
ABM: An acronym for Asynchronous Balanced Mode.
ACIA: An acronym for Asynchronous Communications Interface Adapter.
ACK: An abbreviation for ACKnowledge.
ACM: An acronym for Association for Computing Machinery.
ADCCP: An acronym for Advanced Data Communication and Control Procedure.
ADM: An acronym for Asynchronous Disconnected Mode.
ADS: An acronym for Automated Design System.
AI: An acronym for Artificial Intelligence.
AID: An acronym for Auto-Interactive Design.
ANSC: An acronym for American National Standards Committee.
ANSI: An acronym for American National Standards Institute.
APT: An acronym for Automatically Programmed Tools.
APU: An acronym for Analytic Processing Unit.
ASCII: The acronym for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. A standard code representing 128 characters from which text is composed.
ATE: An acronym for Automated Test Equipment.
Absolute coordinates: The absolute distances or angles that specify the position of a point or surface in a particular coordinate system.
Absolute dimension: A dimension expressed with respect to a given or assumed zero point that may not be machine zero.
Absolute error: The unsigned value of an error. For example: If the error is -12, the absolute error is 12.
Absolute position sensor: A sensor that produces information directly related to the coordinate position of a machine element.
Absolute programming: Machine programming using actual machine specific coordinates.
Acceleration, programmed: A planned velocity increase to the programmed rate.
Acceptance test: A test for evaluating a newly purchased system's performance, capabilities, and conformity to predefined specifications prior to acceptance of, and payment for, the system.
Access time: One measure of system response. The time interval between the instant that data is called for from storage and the instant that delivery is completed.
Accuracy: Conformance to a recognized standard. Generally used to denote the number of digits to the right of the decimal point that can be considered significant in a particular value, or that can be supported by a particular algorithm, program, or system. See also precision.
Ack: An abbreviation for Acknowledge.
Acknowledge: Where error detection schemes are employed, a message sent in response to having received the transmission intact and without error.
Acknowledgement: An answer returned after some action taken indicating that the action was completed or received.
Acoustic coupler: A form of low speed modem that sends and receives data using a conventional telephone handset and does not require a permanent connection to the line.
Adaptive control: A control system that adjusts a given movement or function to conditions detected during the work in progress.
Address filtering: The action performed by a bridge in recognizing addresses on packets which are not in one subnetwork, but in another subnetwork. The bridge 'filters out' those packets with destination addresses located in other subnetworks.
Address: A means of locating data or communicating with devices connected to a computer.
Addressability: The number of positions (pixels) in the X axis and in the Y axis which can be displayed on the CRT. A measure of picture display quality or resolution.
Addressable point: Any position on a CRT screen that can be specified by absolute coordinates, which form a grid over the display surface.
Algorithm: In CAD/CAM software, a set of well-defined rules or procedures based on mathematical and geometric formulas for solving a problem or accomplishing a given result in a finite number of steps.
Alias: A name or symbol which stands for something, and is not its proper name.
Aliasing: The occurrence of jagged lines on a raster-scan display image when the detail of a design exceeds the resolution of the CRT.
Alphanumeric display: A workstation device consisting of a CRT on which text can be viewed. An alphanumeric display is capable of showing a fixed set of letters, digits, and special characters. It allows the designer to observe entered commands and to receive messages from the system.
Alphanumeric keyboard: A workstation device consisting of a typewriter-like keyboard which allows the designer to communicate with the system using an English-like command language.
Alphanumeric: A contraction of the words alphabetic and numeric. The word describes a set of characters that includes letters (A-Z) and numbers (0-9) but excludes special characters (carriage returns, etc.).
American National Standards Institute: An association formed by industry and the U.S. Government to produce and disseminate drafting and manufacturing standards that are acceptable to and used by a majority of companies and the government.
American Standard Code for Infromation Interchange: An industry-standard character 7-bit widely used for information interchange among data processing systems, communications systems, and associated equipment.
Analog board: In printed circuit board design, it denotes the dominant component type, function(s), or circuit characteristics of a particular PC board. Contrast with digital board which requires a different CAD layout process.
Analog: Applied to an electrical or computer system, the term denotes the capability of representing data in continuously varying physical quantities (as in a voltmeter).
Analysis, engineering: See CAE.
Annotation: Process of inserting text or a special note or identification (such as a flag) on a drawing, map, or diagram constructed on a CAD/CAM system. The text can be generated and positioned on the drawing using the system.
Application program: A computer program or collection of programs to perform a task or tasks specific to a particular user's need or class of needs.
Arc clockwise: A clockwise arc generated by a tool with respect to the workpiece.
Arc counterclockwise: A counterclockwise arc generated by a tool with respect to the workpiece.
Archival storage: Refers to memory (on magnetic tape, disks, printouts, or drums) used to store data on completed designs or elements outside of main memory.
Argument: A value which is used as the input to some process, often passed through a module-module interface.
Array: To create automatically on a CAD system an arrangement of identical elements or components. The designer defines the element once, then indicates the starting location and spacing for automatic generation of the array. An arrangement created in the above manner. A series of elements or sets of elements arranged in a pattern -- i.e., matrix.
Artwork master: A highly accurate photographic representation of a circuit design generated on the system for use in the fabrication process.
Artwork: One of the outputs of a CAD system. For example, a photo plot (in PC design), a photo mask (in IC design), a pen plot, an electrostatic copy, or a positive or negative photographic transparency. Transparencies (either on glass or film) and photo masks are forms of CAD artwork which can be used directly in the manufacture of a product (such as an IC, PC board, or mechanical part).
Aspect ratio: The ratio of the width to height on a CRT picture or display.
Aspect: Any of the ways in which the appearance of a display can vary. For example: highlighting, character height, or color shading.
Assembler: A computer program that accepts instructions in a symbolic code and produces machine language instructions.
Assembly drawing: A drawing which can be created on the CAD system to represent a major subdivision of the product, or the complete product.
Assembly language: A low-level (primitive) symbolic programming language directly translatable by an assembler into a machine (computer-executable) language. Enables programmers to write a computer program as a sequence of computer instructions using mnemonic abbreviations for computer operation codes and names and addresses of the instructions and their operands.
Associative dimensioning: A CAO capability that links dimension entities to geometric entities being dimensioned. This allows the value of a dimension to be automatically updated as the geometry changes.
Associativity: Any logical linking of geometric entities (parts, components, or elements) in a CAD/CAM data base with their nongraphic attributes (dimensions and text) or with other geometric entities. Thus, the designer can retrieve -- by a single command -- not only a specified entity but all data associated with it. Associated data can automatically be updated on the system if the physical design changes.
Asynchronous communication: A serial stream of data sent as generated. Characters are delimited by start and stop bits whose function is to synchronize character bit timing.
Asynchronous communications interface adapter: A semiconductor chip that provides flexible asynchronous communications support.
Asynchronous data channel: A communications channel capable of transmitting data but not timing information.
Asynchronous modem: A modem that is synchronized with the terminal equipment that to which it is connected.
Asynchronous terminal: A terminal that uses a start of transmission signal and a stop of transmission signal for data transmission.
Asynchronous: Not synchronous.
Attribute: A unique property of a display element, picture, or network.
Auto-answer: A modem feature that detects an incoming phone call, answers it, and presents a tone (answer tone) to the initiator.
Auto-dial: Another modem feature, the function of which is to initiate phone calls using Touch-tone or dial pulse dialing and, upon receiving an answer tone, respond with an originate tone.
Auto-interactive design: A combination of design automation, where the computer executes programs or routines with no operator intervention, and computer-aided design, where the operator interacts with the computer in the design process.
Autolayout: Software that enables a designer to digitize an engineer's rough sketch into the system and automatically refine it into a finished engineering drawing. Autolayout aligns symbols and squares off interconnects.
Automated design system: Another term for a computer-aided design system.
Automated drafting system: A computer-based system designed primarily to automate the process of drafting. Design capabilities are not included.
Automated test equipment: Special purpose hardware which sends test signals to circuits and/or systems to verify that they are functionally good.
Automatic dimensioning: A CAD capability that computes the dimensions in a displayed design, or in a designated section, and automatically places dimensions, dimensional lines, and arrowheads where required. In the case of mapping, this capability labels the linear feature with length and azimuth.
Automatically Programmed Tools: A numerical control programming system which uses symbolic descriptions of part and tool geometry, and tool motion to produce part programs.
Autoplacement: A CAD program that automatically models the placement of ICs and discrete components on a printed circuit board, optimizing the component position on that board to minimize total wire length and wire congestion.
Autopunching: Autopunching software maximizes productivity by aut...
Table of contents
- Cover
- Half Title
- Series Page
- Title Page
- Copyright Page
- Contents
- Preface
- CAD/CAM Dictionary