Abrasive Water Jet Perforation and Multi-Stage Fracturing

Zhongwei Huang, Gensheng Li, Shouceng Tian, Xianzhi Song, Mao Sheng, Subhash Shah

• Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
• Year: 2017
• Print ISBN:
  9780128128077
• eBook ISBN:
  9780128128428
• Topic: Physical Sciences
• Subtopic: Energy

Abrasive Water Jet Perforation and Multi-Stage Fracturing gives petroleum engineers, well completion managers and fracturing specialists a critical guide to understanding all the details of the technology including materials, tools, design methods and field applications. The exploitation and development of unconventional oil and gas resources has continued to gain importance, and multi-stage fracturing with abrasive water jets has emerged as one of the top three principal methods to recover unconventional oil and gas, yet there is no one collective reference to explain the fundamentals, operations and influence this method can deliver. The book introduces current challenges and gives solutions for the problems encountered. Packed with references and real-world examples, the book equips engineers and specialists with a necessary reservoir stimulation tool to better understand today's fracturing technology. - Provides understanding of the fundamentals, design and application of water jet perforation - Examines the pressure boosting assembly in all phases including initiation, hydraulic isolation and production stage - Evaluates production analysis, pump pressure predictions and the latest design software - Introduces current challenges and gives solutions for the problems encountered

Chapter One

Theoretical Basis of Abrasive Jet

Abstract

Water jet with high pressure can successfully cut rock, steel, and even reinforced concrete. However, at lower pressure, mixing a certain amount of abrasive particles in the water jet can also greatly improve the jet ability and effectively cut materials. High-pressure water jet blended with abrasives is known as an abrasive jet.

This chapter provides a detailed overview of the literature related to abrasive jet, the theoretical basis, and the cutting mechanism utilized. The review in this chapter specifically addresses three types of abrasive jet. According to the nature of the fluid, abrasive jets can be divided into abrasive water and abrasive suspension jets. Furthermore, depending on the mixing method, abrasive water jets can be divided into post- and premixed abrasive water jets. Different types of abrasive jets have different jet characteristics, and their uses are not identical.

Keywords

Abrasive suspension jet; Abrasive water jet; High pressure; Postmixed; Premixed

Contents

1.1 Introduction

1.1.1 Development History of High-Pressure Water Jet Technology

1.1.2 Introduction of Abrasive Jet

1.2 Postmixed Abrasive Jetting

1.2.1 Postmixed Abrasive Jet Nozzle

1.2.1.1 Nozzle Classifications

1.2.1.2 Nozzle Design

1.2.2 Abrasive and Its Supply Method

1.2.2.1 Summary of Abrasive

1.2.2.2 Supply System of Abrasive

1.2.3 Mixing Mechanism of Abrasive for Postmixed Abrasive Jet

1.2.3.1 Movement of Abrasive Jet Along the Axial Line

1.2.3.2 Lateral Movement of Abrasive Particle

1.3 Premixed Abrasive Jet

1.3.1 Development of Premixed Abrasive Jet

1.3.2 The Abrasive Accelerating Mechanism of Premixed Abrasive Jet

1.3.2.1 Abrasive Accelerating Mechanism

1.3.2.2 Water Flow Velocity Distribution Within the Nozzle

1.3.2.3 Solution of the Model

1.4 Abrasive Suspension Jet

1.4.1 Preparation of Abrasive Suspensions and Their Rheological Behaviors

1.4.2 Slurry Pressurization and Delivery

1.5 Cutting Mechanism and Models of Abrasive Suspension Jets

1.5.1 Principles of Erosion

1.5.1.1 Incident Angle

1.5.1.2 Particle Speed

1.5.1.3 Erosion Time

1.5.1.4 Environmental Temperature

1.5.1.5 Properties of Impact Particles

1.5.2 Video Observation of the Cutting Process of Abrasive Jet

1.5.3 Erosion Theory for Brittle Materials

1.5.4 Mathematical Model of Abrasive Jet Cutting

1.5.4.1 Crow's Rock Cutting Model

1.5.4.2 Rehbinder's Rock Cutting Model

1.5.4.3 Hashish's Cutting Model

References

1.1. Introduction

1.1.1. Development History of High-Pressure Water Jet Technology

Water jet technology originated during the first half of 19t...

Table of contents

• Cover image
• Title page
• Table of Contents
• Copyright
• Preface
• Chapter One. Theoretical Basis of Abrasive Jet
• Chapter Two. Mechanism and Parameter Optimization of Abrasive Water Jet Perforation
• Chapter Three. Numerical and Experimental Study of Flow Field in a Hydra-Jet Hole
• Chapter Four. Influence of Jetting Hole on Fracture Initiation and Propagation
• Chapter Five. Flow Behavior and Friction Characteristics of Fluid Flow in Coiled Tubing
• Chapter Six. Operation Parameters Calculation
• Chapter Seven. Hydra-Jet Fracturing Bottom-Hole Assembly
• Chapter Eight. Field Application
• Chapter Nine. New Fracturing Fluids and Fracturing Methods
• Index