Abstract
This chapter briefly introduces the motivation, scope, purpose, and structure of this book. Section 1.1 outlines the motivation for editing this book and for choosing road traffic signal control as the topic. Section 1.2 introduces the scope of the book, that is, fixed-time control at isolated intersections. Section 1.3 explains potential applications and audiences of the book. Section 1.4 highlights the book structure as well as major contents of each chapter of the book, together with the author information. Finally, Section 1.5 gives some explanations on national differences in notations and terminology.
1.1 Motivation
Road traffic signals are a most important instrument of traffic management and operations. The design of signalized intersections and signal programs has a serious impact on capacity, traffic safety, economic efficiency, and environmental compatibility. Statistics indicate that approximately 40% of total traffic accidents, approximately 80% of vehicle delays on urban roads, and approximately 20% of vehicle emissions occur at signalized intersections (WHO, 2016; FHWA, 2016; Kan et al., 2018).
In all countries, road traffic signals are used to control traffic. Many countries have developed comprehensive experience and knowledge in how to design signalized intersections and signal programs. Based on that, several national guidelines (TRB, 2010; FHWA, 2008; UK DOT, 2006; FGSV, 2015; JSTE, 2006; AUSTROADS, 2003), reports, and papers have been published, dealing with signal timing procedures, methods, and optimization models for a specific country, region, or situation. However, there is no international standard on road traffic signal control. While significant differences between countries exist, international harmonization and learning from each other is difficult, so far, because of the different languages and limited accessibility of national regulations for road traffic signal control.
To contribute to the international exchange of knowledge, this book summarizes the practice in road traffic signal control in several countries and regions around the globe. Individual reports are authored by outstanding national experts from 16 countries, providing a comprehensive overview and comparison of international practice on road traffic signal control. Based on that, the book allows an in-depth study and comparison of global practices. Strengths and weaknesses of specific regulations can be identified, and results may be used for the improvement and international harmonization of road traffic signal control.
