Optimization of Manufacturing Systems Using the Internet of Things

Yingfeng Zhang, Fei Tao

• Publisher: Academic Press
• Year: 2016
• ISBN:
  9780128099117
• Topic: Informatica
• Subtopic: Sviluppo web

Optimization of Manufacturing Systems Using the Internet of Things extends the IoT (Internet of Things) into the manufacturing field to develop an IoMT (Internet of Manufacturing Things) architecture with real-time traceability, visibility, and interoperability in production planning, execution, and control. This book is essential reading for anyone interested in the optimization and control of an intelligent manufacturing system.

As modern manufacturing shop-floors can create bottlenecks in the capturing and collection of real-time field information, and because paper-based manual systems are time-consuming and prone to errors, this book helps readers understand how to alleviate these issues, assisting them in their decision-making on shop-floors.

• Includes case studies in implementing IoTs for data acquisition, monitoring, and assembly in manufacturing.
• Helps manufacturers to tackle the growing complexities and uncertainties of manufacturing systems in globalized business environments
• Acts as an introduction to using IoT for readers across industrial and manufacturing engineering

Chapter 1

Introduction

Abstract

In the past two decades, advanced manufacturing systems (AMSs) were undergoing a lot of changes, and revealed the developing trends and requirements of informatization, globalization, and servitization. However, there still exist some bottlenecks of digitization, interconnection, collaboration, intelligentization, and so on. For example, how to achieve the whole production process of IntelliSense, access, and processing, how to realize the intelligent management of manufacturing resources, etc. Driven by these trends and requirements, lots of new information technologies are applied into AMSs to address these bottlenecks, especially the technology of Internet of things (IoT). In this chapter, the concept of IoT is introduced, and the existing typical manufacturing paradigms of AMSs and their limitations are summarized at first. According to the investigation on the applications of IoT in AMSs, the conception of IoT-based manufacturing system (IoT-MS) is proposed, and the corresponding key features of IoT-MS are pointed out. At last, the systematical organization of this book is described.

Keywords

Internet of things (IoT)

manufacturing system (MS)

limitations

IntelliSense

access

1.1. The concept of IoT

As one of the most important new information technologies, Internet of things (IoT) has attracted great attention from governments, industries, and academia. For instance, the US National Intelligence Council has considered it as one of the six “Disruptive Civil Technologies” with potential impacts on US national power [1]. In 2009, European Union issued a report named “Internet of Things—An action plan for Europe.” This report proposed that it is essential to take measures to ensure that Europe plays a leading role in the construction of new Internet [2], namely IoT. Besides, IoT was also officially listed as one of the five emerging strategic industries by Chinese government in 2010.

Originated from the radio frequency identification (RFID) system, it was first proposed by professor Ashton of MIT Auto-ID Labs in 1999. In 2001, Christopher in University of California proposed the concept of Smart Dust [3]. In 2003, Metro opened the first “future store” [4]. In 2005, Wal-Mart announced that the 100 largest retail stores would start to use RFID tag uniformly. In the Tunis World Summit on Information Society in 2005, the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) extended concept of IoT largely in the report of “ITU Internet Reports 2005 Executive Summary: The Internet of Things.” As the explanation by ITU, it means the intelligent connectivity for anything at anytime and anywhere [5].

After 10 years of development, the new generation of information technologies has been highly integrated with IoT. In this context, the meaning of IoT is also constantly changing. Therefore, so far there is no clear and uniform definition about IoT, especially its various application backgrounds. It syntactically is composed of two terms which are “Internet” and “Things.” Therefore, IoT can be understood from two perspectives, which are “Internet oriented” and “Things oriented” [6]. On one hand, from the perspective of “Things oriented,” it refers to be based on standard communication protocols, and to form a worldwide network [7]. In other words, it is composed of a large number of things, which have identities and virtual personalities. In addition, these things are sustainable, enhanceable, and uniquely identified [8]. On the other hand, from the perspective of “Internet oriented,” it can be considered as the expansion of Internet applications. As a light protocol, IP stack that already connects a huge amount of communicating device, have all the qualities to make IoT a reality [6].

In conclusion, based on “Internet,” IoT extends and expands terminal of Internet to any objects and items. As a result, IoT constructs a network that covers everything in the world as well as the things in this network are able to exchange information and communicate with each other. Substantially, in order to achieve intelligent identification, positioning, tracking, monitoring, and management, everything in IoT is connected with Internet according to the arranged protocol by RFID, infrared sensor, global positioning system (GPS), laser scanner, and other information sensing equipment. Pervasive presence in IoT of a variety of things or objects, such as RFID tags, sensors, actuators, mobile phones, and so on are able to interact and cooperate with each other through unique addressing schemes to reach common goals [9] without human intervention. In addition, under the influence of related researches and developments, IoT has developed connection among different things to the combination and integration of information space and physical world.

The original architecture of IoT can be abstracted as perception layer, network layer, and application layer. However, the existing researches increasingly focus on ubiquitous service application of IoT. Therefore, according to the collection, transmission, processing, and application process of multisource information, the extended IoT architecture can be broadly summarized as perception layer, transmission layer, the cloud platform layer, and application layer, as shown in Fig. 1.1. The perception/sensing layer mai...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title page
• Table of Contents
• Copyright
• Preface
• Chapter 1: Introduction
• Chapter 2: Overview of IoT-Enabled Manufacturing System
• Chapter 3: Real-Time and Multisource Manufacturing Information Sensing System
• Chapter 4: IoT-Enabled Smart Assembly Station
• Chapter 5: Cloud Computing-Based Manufacturing Resources Configuration Method
• Chapter 6: IoT-Enabled Smart Trolley
• Chapter 7: Real-Time Key Production Performances Analysis Method
• Chapter 8: Real-Time Information-Driven Production Scheduling System
• Chapter 9: IoT-MS Prototype System
• Chapter 10: Conclusions and Future Works
• Index