Microsized and Nanosized Carriers for Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

Formulation Challenges and Potential Benefits

Bojan ?alija

• Publisher: Academic Press
• Year: 2017
• ISBN:
  9780128040805
• Topic: Medicine
• Subtopic: Pharmacology

Microsized and Nanosized Carriers for Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: Formulation Challenges and Potential Benefits provides a unique and complete overview of novel formulation strategies for improvement of the delivery of NSAIDs via encapsulation in microsized and nanosized carriers composed of different materials of natural and synthetic origin.

This book presents the latest research on advances and limitations of both microsized and nanosized drug carriers and NSAIDs before discussing the formulation aspects of these drug carriers that are intended for oral, dermal, and transdermal administration of NSAIDs.

In addition, functionality of these materials as potential excipients for microsized and nanosized carriers is discussed and debated. Practical solutions for improving effectiveness of these drugs are included throughout the book, making this an important resource for graduate students, professors, and researchers in the pharmaceutical sciences.

• Covers a wide range of microsized and nanosized carriers in one resource, including particulate carriers (microparticles, nanoparticles, and zeolites) and the soft colloidal carriers, such as micro-emulsions and nano-emulsions
• Presents the reader with various formulation approaches dependent on the characteristics of the material, model drug, and desired route of administration
• Approaches are based on the latest research in the area and formulation strategies may have broader applications to the encapsulation of other active pharmaceutical ingredients

Chapter 1

Clinical Uses of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and Potential Benefits of NSAIDs Modified-Release Preparations

Maja Tomić

Ana Micov

Uroš Pecikoza

Radica Stepanović-Petrović Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

Abstract

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most widely used medications in the world. They act via inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) isoenzymes. The combined analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic effects make NSAIDs especially useful for symptomatic relief of painful inflammatory conditions and fever. They are used for treating musculoskeletal disorders (chronic, like osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, and acute, like acute gout and injuries), headaches, dental and postoperative pain, and dysmenorrhea, and aspirin also for prevention of cardiovascular events. NSAIDs may cause serious gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and renal adverse effects, which may be prevented by performing risk assessments for each patient, choosing a NSAID with low risk for the particular side effect, and limiting its dosage and treatment duration. Gastroprotective agents are recommended for gastroduodenal ulcers prevention. Topical NSAIDs application offers a possibility for minimization of all systemic NSAIDs side effects, as well as drug–drug interactions. Evidence supports topical NSAIDs use in hands and knees osteoarthritis, and probably also in acute musculoskeletal pain. They can cause local skin irritation. Modified-release oral preparations improve patient compliance, and are especially important for short-acting NSAIDs. Topical modified-release preparations could improve efficacy and tolerability of NSAIDs topical treatment, and patient compliance.

Keywords

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

clinical uses

adverse effects

interactions

modified-release preparations

1.1. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

The first record about the use of decoctions/extracts of willow bark/leaves for musculoskeletal pain was 3500 years ago in the Ebers papyrus. Hippocrates, Celsus, Pliny the Elder, Dioscorides, and Galen all recommended decoctions of parts of willow and other plants containing salicylate for rheumatic pain and/or fever. Salicylic acid was isolated in 1836 (by Pina) and synthesized in 1860 (by Kolbe). The first nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)—acetylsalicylic acid, was synthesized in 1897 (by Hoffmann) in an attempt to improve palatability of salicylic acid. Acetylsalicylic acid was the first drug tested in animals in an industrial setting, and after human studies it was marketed as aspirin in 1899 (Brune and Hinz, 2004; Vane, 2000).

At the present time, there are more than 50 different NSAIDs on the global market (Rang et al., 2015b). They are the most frequently used medications for their analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic therapeutic properties, and aspirin also for its antiplatelet/cardioprotective action. Their wide use could be illustrated by the data that in the United States in 2010 ...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title page
• Table of Contents
• Copyright
• List of Contributors
• Editor Biography
• Preface
• Chapter 1: Clinical Uses of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and Potential Benefits of NSAIDs Modified-Release Preparations
• Chapter 2: Polymeric Microparticles and Inorganic Micro/Nanoparticulate Drug Carriers: An Overview and Pharmaceutical Application
• Chapter 3: Microemulsions and Nanoemulsions as Carriers for Delivery of NSAIDs
• Chapter 4: Diversity and Functionality of Excipients for Micro/Nanosized Drug Carriers
• Chapter 5: Influence of Polycation Functional Properties on Polyanion Micro/Nanoparticles for NSAIDs Reinforced Via Polyelectrolyte Complexation: Alginate–Chitosan Case Study
• Chapter 6: PLA-Based Nanoparticulate Drug Carriers as a Percutaneous Delivery System for Ketoprofen
• Chapter 7: Natural Surfactants-Based Micro/Nanoemulsion Systems for NSAIDs—Practical Formulation Approach, Physicochemical and Biopharmaceutical Characteristics/Performances
• Chapter 8: Natural and Modified Silica-Based Materials as Carriers for NSAIDs
• Index