Oxygen Transport in Red Blood Cells contains the proceedings of the 12th Aharon Katzir Katchalsky Conference held at Tours, France on April 4-7, 1984. Organized into 16 chapters, this book begins with a discussion on the influence of heme pocket geometry on ligand binding to heme proteins. Subsequent chapters describe a genetic approach to producing oxygen affinity differences; clinical importance of the oxygen transport function of preserved red blood cells; methods for the measurement of oxygen equilibrium curves of red cell suspensions and hemoglobin solutions; and aspects of oxygen supply to tissue. Other chapters elucidate interactions between hemoglobin and erythrocyte membrane and membrane protein oxidation; incorporation of allosteric effectors of hemoglobin in red blood cells; and significance of low hemoglobin oxygen affinity.The interaction of ligands and other molecules with hemoglobin and the storage of red blood cells having incorporated exogenous allosteric effectors of hemoglobin are also explained.
Frequently asked questions
Simply head over to the account section in settings and click on “Cancel Subscription” - it’s as simple as that. After you cancel, your membership will stay active for the remainder of the time you’ve paid for. Learn more here.
At the moment all of our mobile-responsive ePub books are available to download via the app. Most of our PDFs are also available to download and we're working on making the final remaining ones downloadable now. Learn more here.
Both plans give you full access to the library and all of Perlego’s features. The only differences are the price and subscription period: With the annual plan you’ll save around 30% compared to 12 months on the monthly plan.
We are an online textbook subscription service, where you can get access to an entire online library for less than the price of a single book per month. With over 1 million books across 1000+ topics, we’ve got you covered! Learn more here.
Look out for the read-aloud symbol on your next book to see if you can listen to it. The read-aloud tool reads text aloud for you, highlighting the text as it is being read. You can pause it, speed it up and slow it down. Learn more here.
Yes, you can access Oxygen Transport in Red Blood Cells by Claude Nicolau in PDF and/or ePUB format, as well as other popular books in Medicine & Physiology. We have over one million books available in our catalogue for you to explore.
Influence of Heme Pocket Geometry on Ligand Binding to Heme Proteins
K.H. Winterhalter and E.E. Di Iorio, Laboratorium fuer Biochemie I, Eidgenoessische Technische, Hochschule, ETH-Zentrum, Universitaetsstrasse 16, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
Publisher Summary
This chapter discusses the influence of heme pocket geometry on ligand binding to heme proteins. For the binding to the heme-iron of a ligand molecule, three steps characterized by energy barriers are distinguished: (1) penetration of the ligand from the solvent, across the structured hydration shell, into the protein matrix; (2) diffusion through the matrix into the heme pocket; and (3) the binding to iron from inside the pocket. The geometry of the heme pocket is influenced by two main factors. The most prominent one is genetic variety of the protein. For a given heme protein, the geometry is influenced by fluctuations of the proteic structure and steric changes in the prostetic group and are caused by alterations of the position of the iron relative to the heme plane. This is often caused by structural changes in the protein and frequently entails changes of the position of the heme within the pocket.
Oxygen binding, and its delivery to the place of consumption, is the continent in which the city of oxygen transport by red blood cells lies. The problem of oxygen transport is old, but new insight is gained every year. Table I gives an overview of the continent and the roads to and from the city. The levels of traffic regulation, as they are conceived presently, are also given.
Table I
The levels of regulation of O2 supply to tissues
Compartment
Level
Some parameters
A External
1. pO2
Altitude
2. Aeration of alveolae
State of Lung
3. Permeability of alveolae
State of Lung
B Blood
1. O2 capacity
Erythropoietin levels
2. O2 uptake by RBC
Potency of circulation, membrane permeability, diffusion in cytoplasm, others?
2. Uptake into organelles (Mitochondria, microsomes, peroxysomes, plasmamembranes
Diffusion, others?
Oxygen, at its various places of consumption, is needed for a variety of different types of metabolism. They are summarized in table II. From this table it is evident that oxygen affects all walks of biochemistry in areobic organisms, from energy production to cancer.
Table II
Types of metabolisms in which oxygen is paramount
Type
Main organelle
Examples
Energy metabolism
Mitochondria Chloroplasts
Respiratory chain; photosystem 1 and 2
Katabolic
Peroxysomes
Conversion of octanoate to H2O2; D-amino acid breakdown; urate and L-alphahydroxy-acids metabolism
Modification of metabolites
Microsomes
Synthesis of carcinogens and tumor promotors by terminal oxygenase systems; prostaglandin and adrenalin synthesis
Biosynthesis and Katabolism
Cytoplasm
Some steps of aminoacid katabolism, e.g. tryptophane pyrrolase
Bacterial killing
Plasmamembrane of white cells; natural killer cells
Polymorphonuclear leucocyte superoxide synthetase
As many of the regulatory mechanisms of oxygen transport by red blood cells (Table I.B) will be discussed by other participants of this conference, the topic of this talk is limited to the innermost events inside the hemoglobin molecule.
The overall anatomy of a sperm whale myoglobin (SW-Mb) molecule (also representative of a hemoglobin chain) is given in fig. 1. For the binding to the heme-iron of a ligand molecule, coming from the solvent, at least three steps, characterized by energy barriers (Austin et. al., 1975), must be distinguished:
1. Penetration of the ligand from the solvent, across the structured hydration shell, into the protein matrix.
2. Diffusion through the matrix into the heme pocket.
3. Binding to iron from inside the pocket.
The corresponding reaction scheme is su...
Table of contents
Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
ADVANCES IN THE BIOSCIENCES
Copyright
Foreword
ERRATUM
List of Contributors
Chapter 1: Influence of Heme Pocket Geometry on Ligand Binding to Heme Proteins
Chapter 2: A Genetic Approach to Producing Oxygen Affinity Differences
Chapter 3: Oxygen-Bioenergetics and 31P NMR in vivo
Chapter 4: Clinical Importance of the Oxygen Transport Function of Preserved Red Blood Cells
Chapter 5: Methods for the Measurement of Oxygen Equilibrium Curves of Red Cell Suspensions and Hemoglobin Solutions
Chapter 6: Aspects of Oxygen Supply to Tissue
Chapter 7: Interactions between Hemoglobin and Erythrocyte Membrane and Membrane Protein Oxidation
Chapter 8: Interactions between O2 and CO2 in Blood
Chapter 9: Oxygen Supply to the Brain
Chapter 10: Oxygen Supply to the Brain Under Hypoxic and Hyperoxic Conditions
Chapter 11: Nuclear Medicine Investigations of the Oxygen Dependent Metabolism of the Heart Muscle
Chapter 12: Incorporation of Allosteric Effectors of Hemoglobin in Red Blood Cells. Biochemical and Physiological Effects
Chapter 13: Flow Compensation with Oxygen Equilibrium Curve Shifts
Chapter 14: Significance of Low Hemoglobin Oxygen Affinity
Chapter 15: Hemoglobin Solutions as Oxygen Carriers: Ligands and Other Molecules Interactions with Hemoglobin
Chapter 16: Storage of Red Blood Cells having Incorporated Exogenous Allosteric Effectors of Hemoglobin