Henry the Eighth

Albert Pollard

• Publisher: Jovian Press
• Year: 2017
• ISBN:
  9781537803821
• Topic: Personal Development
• Subtopic: Travel

What manner of man was this, and wherein lay the secret of his strength? Is recourse necessary to a theory of supernatural agency, or is there another and adequate solution? Was Henry's individual will of such miraculous force that he could ride roughshod in insolent pride over public opinion at home and abroad? Or did his personal ends, dictated perhaps by selfish motives and ignoble passions, so far coincide with the interests and prejudices of the politically effective portion of his people, that they were willing to condone a violence and tyranny, the brunt of which fell after all on the few?

FOOTNOTES

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Footnote 1: The edition cited in the text is that of 1672.(back)

Footnote 2: This series, unlike the Calendars of State Papers, includes documents not preserved at the Record Office; it is often inaccurately cited as Calendar of State Papers, but the word “Calendar” does not appear in the title and it includes much besides State papers; such a description also tends to confuse it with the eleven volumes of Henry VIII.’s State papers published in extenso in 1830-51. The series now extends to Dec., 1544, and is cited in the text as L. and P. (back)

Footnote 3: Cited as Spanish Calendar; the volume completing Henry’s reign was published in 1904.(back)

Footnote 4: Cited as Ven. Cal.; this correspondence diminishes in importance as the reign proceeds, and also, after 1530, the documents are epitomised afresh in L. and P. (back)

Footnote 5: Three series, viz., that edited by Thorp (2 vols., 1858), a second edited by Bain (2 vols., 1898) and the Hamilton Papers (2 vols., 1890-92).(back)

Footnote 6: Vol. i. of the Irish Calendar, and also of the Carew MSS.; see also the Calendar of Fiants published by the Deputy-Keeper of Records for Ireland.(back)

Footnote 7: Correspondance de MM. Castillon et Marillac, edited by Kaulek, and of Odet de Selve, 1888.(back)

Footnote 8: The most important of these is vol. i. of Lord Salisbury’s MSS.; other papers of Henry VIII.’s reign are scattered up and down the Appendices to a score and more of reports.(back)

Footnote 9: E.g., Wriothesley’s Chronicle, Chron. of Calais, and Greyfriars Chron. (back)

Footnote 10: E.g., Leadam, Domesday of Inclosures, and Transactions, passim.(back)

Footnote 11: Paderborn, 1893; cf. Engl. Hist. Rev., xix., 632-45.(back)

Footnote 12: Henry VIII. and the English Monasteries, 2 vols., 1888.(back)

Footnote 13: Of these the most important are Polydore Vergil (Basel, 1534), Hall’s Chronicle (1548) and Fabyan’s Chronicle (edited by Ellis, 1811). Holinshed and Stow are not quite contemporary, but they occasionally add to earlier writers on apparently good authority.(back)

Footnote 14: I have in this edition added references to those which seem most important; for a collected bibliography see Dr. Gairdner in Cambridge Modern History, ii., 789-94. I have also for the purpose of this edition added references to the original sources—a task of some labour when nearly every fact is taken from a different document. The text has been revised, some errors removed, and notes added on special points, especially those on which fresh light has recently been thrown.(back)

Footnote 15: In Lectures on Mediæval and Modern History, 1887.(back)

Footnote 16: Bainbridge, Wolsey, Fisher, Pole. Bainbridge was a cardinal after Julius II’s own heart, and he received the red hat for military services rendered to that warlike Pope (Ven. Cal., ii., 104).(back)

Footnote 17: There were two Dukes of Norfolk, the second of whom was attainted, as was the Duke of Buckingham; the fourth Duke was Henry’s brother-in-law, Suffolk.(back)

Footnote 18: Empson and Dudley.(back)

Footnote 19: “Sua cuique civitati religio est, nostra nobis.” Cicero, Pro Flacco, 28; cf. E. Bourre, Des Inequalités de condition resultant de la religion en droit Romain, Paris, 1895.(back)

Footnote 20: Cf. Bishop Scory to Edward VI. in Strype, Eccl. Mem., II., ii., 482; Fortescue, ed. Plummer, pp. 137-142.(back)

Footnote 21: E.g., L. and P., i., 679.(back)

Footnote 22: Archæologia Cambrensis, 1st ser., iv., 267; 3rd ser., xv., 278, 379.(back)

Footnote 23: See the present writer in D.N.B., lii., 261.(back)

Footnote 24: Perkin was the first of Lady Catherine Gordon’s four husbands; her second was James Strangways, gentleman-usher to Henry VIII., her third Sir Matthew Cradock (d. 1531), and her fourth Christopher Ashton, also gentleman-usher; she died in 1537 and was buried in Fyfield Church (L. and P., ii., 3512).(back)

Footnote 25: See the present writer in Dict. Nat. Biog., lxiii., 172.(back)

Footnote 26: Sp. Cal., i., No. 249; see below, p. 179.(back)

Footnote 27: There is no definite evidence that he had more.(back)

Footnote 28: Ven. Cal., i., 833.(back)

Footnote 29: Cf. Skelton, Works, ed. Dyce. vol. i., pp. ix-xi.(back)

Footnote 30: L. and P., Henry VII., i., 413-415...

Table of contents

• THE EARLY TUDORS.
• PRINCE HENRY AND HIS ENVIRONMENT.
• THE APPRENTICESHIP OF HENRY VIII.
• THE THREE RIVALS.
• KING AND CARDINAL.
• FROM CALAIS TO ROME.
• THE ORIGIN OF THE DIVORCE. [489]
• THE POPE’S DILEMMA.
• THE CARDINAL’S FALL. [652]
• THE KING AND HIS PARLIAMENT.
• DOWN WITH THE CHURCH.”
• “THE PREVAILING OF THE GATES OF HELL.”
• THE CRISIS.
• REX ET IMPERATOR.
• THE FINAL STRUGGLE.
• CONCLUSION.
• FOOTNOTES