Biomedical Signal and Image Examination with Entropy-Based Techniques

V. Rajinikanth, K. Kamalanand, C. Emmanuel, B. Thayumanavan

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2020
• ISBN:
  9781000327335
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Biological Sciences
• Subtopic: Biotechnology
• Index: Biological Sciences

The aim of this book is to outline the concept of entropy, various types of entropies and their implementation to evaluate a variety of biomedical signals/images. The book emphasizes various entropy-based image pre-processing methods which are essential for the development of suitable computerized examination systems. The recent research works on biomedical signal evaluation confirms that signal analysis provides vital information regarding the physiological condition of the patient, and the efficient evaluation of these signals can help to diagnose the nature and the severity of the disease. This book emphasizes various entropy-based image pre-processing methods which are essential for the development of suitable computerized examination systems for the analysis of biomedical images recorded with a variety of modalities. The work discusses the image pro-processing methods with the Entropies, such as Kapur, Tsallis, Shannon and Fuzzy on a class of RGB-scaled and gray-scaled medical pictures. The performance of the proposed technique is justified with the help of suitable case studies, which involves x-ray image analysis, MRI analysis and CT analysis. This book is intended for medical signal/image analysts, undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers, and medical scientists interested in biomedical data evaluation.

1

Introduction to Entropy and Chaos

Most of the physical and chemical processes can be investigated using the first and second laws of thermodynamics. These two laws are the most basic and fundamental for the analysis and understanding of the mechanisms involved in the functioning of such systems and processes. Biological systems and processes are a complex combination of physical and chemical processes and can efficiently be studied using the first and second laws of thermodynamics. Also, the third law of thermodynamics is of great importance in the analysis of such processes.

Several complex laws derived mathematically contributes to classic thermo dynamics. However, the introduction of the concepts of statistical mechanics in the field of thermodynamics, gives rise to a new field namely, statistical thermodynamics. The aspects of statistical thermodynamics help in the identification of the actual or physical meaning of the parameters in the mathematical equations of classical thermodynamics.

The first law of thermodynamics deals with the law of conservation of energy and states that “a perpetual motion machine of the first kind is impossible”. In other words, the first law states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed. While the first law deals with the energy of a system, the second law deals with another important quantity known as the ‘entropy of a system’. The entropy of a system is a quantification of the disorder associated with a system or the randomness associated with a system (Martyushev & Seleznev, 2006; Kamalanand & Jawahar, 2018). In an irreversible process, the entropy is an ever-increasing function of time. At this point, it needs to be mentioned that the best example of an irreversible process is the biological life, from birth to death. Hence, biological systems are best described by the entropy associated with it and this particular parameter has proved itself to be an excellent descriptor of the microscopic and macroscopic processes associated with it (Brooks et al., 1989; Gladyshev, 1999; Wilson, 1968). Further, the analysis and quantification of energy and entropy associated with a biological system also provides information on the physiological and pathological states of the system. This book, in particular describes the applications of entropy analysis...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half Title
• Series Page
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Contents
• Preface
• Author Biographies
• Chapter 1 Introduction to Entropy and Chaos
• Chapter 2 Biosignals
• Chapter 3 Need for Medical Imaging and Its Modalities
• Chapter 4 Entropy Techniques in Image Analysis
• Chapter 5 Case Studies With Medical Imaging
• Index