Lahore: The Architectural Heritage

Peck

• Publisher: Roli Books
• Year: 2018
• ISBN:
  9788193600955
• Topic: Architektur
• Subtopic: Architektur Allgemein

This guide to Lahore narrates the history of the city and, with the help of maps, photographs, and line drawings, explores the background to numerous historic buildings from the Mughal, Sikh and Colonial eras.

Lahore

The Architectural Heritage

ROLI BOOKS

This digital edition published in 2018

First published in 2017 by

The Lotus Collection

An Imprint of Roli Books Pvt. Ltd

M-75, Greater Kailash- II Market

New Delhi 110 048

Phone: ++91 (011) 40682000

Email: [email protected]

Website: www.rolibooks.com

Copyright © Lucy Peck, 2017

First published in 2015 by Ferozesons (Pvt.) Ltd., Karachi

with support from Babar Ali Foundation

All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, or stored in a retrieval system, in any form or by any means, whether electronic, mechanical, print reproduction, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of Roli Books. Any unauthorized distribution of this e-book may be considered a direct infringement of copyright and those responsible may be liable in law accordingly.

eISBN: 978-81-9360-095-5

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This e-book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise circulated, without the publisher’s prior consent, in any form or cover other than that in which it is published.

Contents

Maps

Key to Maps

Chronology

Foreword by Syed Babar Ali

Introduction and Acknowledgements

The modern context of Lahore

History

Architecture

The Fort

The Walled City

Shahdara and Sheikhupura

North Lahore

Colonial Lahore

Maps

Modern Agra and road to Sheikhupura

Pre-Mughal Lahore

Mughal Lahore

Late-Mughal Lahore

1846 Lahore

Colonial Lahore

The Fort & Badshahi Mosque

Sikh Samadhs

The Fort

The Palace

The Walled City

Walled City: 1846 Gough map

Walled City: Taxali Gate

Walled City: Kashmiri Gate

Walled City: Delhi Gate

Walled City: Bhati Gate

Walled City: Lohari Gate

Walled City: Mochi Gate

Lahore, Shahdara and the river

Shahdara and Mughal tombs

Sheikhupura and Hiran Minar

North Lahore

North Lahore: Shalamar Bagh

North Lahore: Begumpura

North Lahore: Bhogiwal

North Lahore: Baghbanpura

North Lahore: South of Baghbanpura

North Lahore: Kot Khwaja Saeed

North Lahore: Mian Wadda Khanqah

Colonial Lahore

Colonial Lahore: Landa Bazaar

Colonial Lahore: Lower Mall

Colonial Lahore: Anarkali Bazaar

Colonial Lahore: Gowalmandi

Colonial Lahore: Qila Gujjar Singh

Colonial Lahore: Railway Colony

Colonial Lahore: High Court

Colonial Lahore: Charing Cross

Colonial Lahore: Bibi Pak Daman

Garhi Shahu

Dharampura

Mian Mir

Nawankot

Bhairon ka Asthan, Ichhra

Mozang

Key to Maps

Because different things have to be shown in different periods there is some inconsistency between the maps. Below are the keys to the maps of the walled city and Colonial chapters.

Walled City

Colonial Lahore

Chronology

First 1,000 years	Lahore is an important city under the rule of various local families, often Rajputs
1022	Lahore taken by Mahmud of Ghazni. Malik Ayaz left in charge – city ‘enlarged and embellished’ under him
c. 1110	Becomes Ghaznavid capital
1184	Mahommed Ghori takes Lahore from Ghazni sultans by subterfuge
1206	Qutbuddin Aibak ascends throne at Lahore
1210	Death of Aibak
1239	Revolt by Governor of Lahore put down by Sultan Razia from Delhi
1241	Lahore taken by Moghals from Khorasan and Ghazni – plundered and inhabitants carried away as prisoners
1246-66	Sher Khan, viceroy for Nasiruddin Mahmud, holds off many incursions by Mughals
1286	Prince Mohammad, son of Balban, killed fighting Mongols on banks of Ravi. Balban orders Lahore fort rebuilt and he ‘re-populates’ Lahore and surroundings
1288-1414	Lahore and surroundings constantly ravaged by Mughals, some of whom settled to east of Lahore (Mughalpura)
1398-99	Timur invades. Betrayed by Lahore Governor. Lahore sacked and plundered. Timur appoints Khizr Khan Syed viceroy
1412	Khizr Khan Syed seizes Delhi throne.
1421	Mubarak Shah Syed restores city. Building of Hujra in Kot Khwaja Saeed
1436	Lahore taken by Bahlol Lodi
1450	Bahlol Lodi seizes Delhi throne
1524	Lahore governor, Dowlat Khan Lodi, asks help from Babur. Babur’s army sacks Lahore, enraged by resistance by Delhi Lodi forces
1526	Babur takes Delhi
1530	Humayun inherits Delhi throne. Kamran takes Lahore by subterfuge. Kamran builds gardens in Lahore
1540	Sher Shah takes Hindustan from Humayun
1555	Humayun marches back into Lahore on 2nd January
1556	Akbar in Lahore consolidating rule in Punjab. City wall built, palace founded
1559	Shamsuddin Atgah Khan appointed viceroy
1563	Hakim (Akbar’s half-brother) takes Lahore but quickly driven out again
1566	Hakim Mirza marches on Lahore but retreats when Akbar approaches. Akbar stays two or three months
1579	Mirza Hakim invades again. Man Singh and others set about improving fortifications. Again M Hakim retreats on Akbar’s approach
1580	Akbar returns from Kabul and celebrates victory in Lahore
1581	Hakim threatens Lahore but Akbar marches to rescue
1586	Akbar moves to Lahore. Extensive building in Fort
1597	Fire in palace
1599	Akbar leaves Lahore. Some of haram remains
1605-1627	Jahangir on throne. Khusrau’s rebellion: he besieges Lahore but is defeated. His supporters impaled on stakes in Nawlakha, garden of Kamran. Construction of palace buildings in Fort
1627	Death of Jahangir on his return from Kashmir. Construction of Jahangir’s Tomb
1628	Shah Jahan arrives in Lahore. SJ’s haram stays 4 years in Lahore before leaving for Agra
1631	Maryam Zamani Mosque built by Jahangir’s mother
1632-39	Wazir Khan Governor of Lahore. Construction of Wazir Khan Mosque and Hammam. Shah Jahan commissions new b...

Table of contents

• Lahore: The Architectural Heritage