Exalting Jesus in 2 Peter, Jude

James Shaddix, Dr. Daniel L. Akin

• Publisher: Holman Reference
• Year: 2018
• ISBN:
  9781535905411
• Topic: Theology & Religion
• Subtopic: Biblical Commentary

Exalting Jesus in 2 Peter and Jude is part of the Christ-Centered Exposition Commentary series. Edited by David Platt, Daniel L. Akin, and Tony Merida, this new commentary series, projected to be 48 volumes, takes a Christ-centered approach to expositing each book of the Bible. Rather than a verse-by-verse approach, the authors have crafted chapters that explain and apply key passages in their assigned Bible books. Readers will learn to see Christ in all aspects of Scripture, and they will be encouraged by the devotional nature of each exposition presented as sermons and divided into chapters that conclude with a "Reflect & Discuss" section, making this series ideal for small group study, personal devotion, and even sermon preparation. It's not academic but rather presents an easy reading, practical and friendly commentary. The authors of Exalting Jesus in 2 Peter and Jude are Danny Akin and Jim Shaddixx

2 Peter

Remember Christ’s Provision

2 Peter 1:1-4

Main Idea: Jesus has provided everything we need to grow in his likeness as we wait for his return.

I. The Background (1:1)

A. The writer of the letter

B. The origin of the letter

C. The recipients of the letter

D. The reason for the letter

II. The Blessing (1:2)

A. The blessing of knowing Jesus

B. The blessing of being reminded

III. The Big Idea (1:3-4)

A. The power to be like Christ (1:3)

B. The process of becoming like Christ (1:3)

C. The promise of being like Christ (1:4)

Every self-respecting sports fan knows the story of how Vince Lombardi, the legendary coach of the Green Bay Packers, started every season. He gathered his players together and gave them what became one of his most famous speeches. With a football in hand, the feared and revered coach would walk to the front of the meeting room, take a moment to gaze over the group of assembled players, hold out the pigskin in front of him, and say, “Gentlemen, this is a football.” After describing the importance of the football as if no one on his team had ever seen one, he then would lead the team outside and show them the field. He would explain the out-of-bounds lines and the end zones and then remind the players that the football was intended to go across the end-zone line. Lombardi knew the importance of reminding his players about fundamentals . . . even the seasoned athletes. No doubt that emphasis played a huge role in his winning five NFL Championships—including Super Bowls I and II—during his tenure with the Packers.

Peter apparently also knew something about the importance of reminding people about fundamental truths. He wrote his second letter to equip the members of his flock to face and overcome the subtle spiritual deception of false teachers who were assaulting the church. But instead of giving them new information to mount their defense, the apostle simply wanted to remind his readers about the truth of the gospel they had already been taught (see 1:12-15; 3:1-2). He wanted to bring some things to their remembrance that were sufficient to protect and preserve them after his life was over.

The importance of remembering makes 2 Peter a timely and critical word for today’s Christian. The explosion of television, radio, publications, the Internet, social media, websites, blogs, podcasts, and other forms of mass media makes heretical teaching easily accessible and widely received. Our rock star Christian culture provides false teachers with coliseum-size audiences who are eager to hear some new thing or have some new spiritual experience. And lack of discernment, fear of rejection, and misunderstanding of love leads the church to be reluctant to expose contemporary heretics. Instead of countering them, we welcome them into our fold, or at the very least just ignore them in the name of politically correct tolerance (MacArthur, 2 Peter, 2). Numerous Christians today are doing nothing short of exchanging the truth for lies (cf. 1 Tim 1:19; 2 Tim 2:16-18). Consequently, we are in desperate need of being reminded about gospel truth to help us wage this war.

That’s why it’s so surprising that the book of 2 Peter had to fight its way into the canon of Scripture. Some books of the Bible have had to work harder than others to gain entrance into the canonical kingdom. They’ve had a little harder road to travel to make it into the catalog of Holy Scripture. Second Peter is one of those books; it’s taken some hits along the way. Not a few Christian leaders have questioned its inclusion in the canon. “At the Reformation it was regarded as second-class Scripture by Luther, rejected by Erasmus, and regarded with hesitancy by Calvin” (M. Green, 2 Peter, 19). But in the end the letter made the cut, and the church recognized its apostolic authorship, authoritative content, crucial role in the canon of inspired Scripture, and relevance for the church in every age.

Second Peter opens with the commonly used letter form of New Testament times. It included a reference to the writer and the recipients and then a greeting in the form of a blessing. Like other New Testament authors, Peter extended a theological description of the writer and the recipients as well as a specifically Christian wish for those receiving the correspondence (Vaughan and Lea, 1, 2 Peter, 142).

The Background

2 Peter 1:1

The Writer of the Letter

This letter begins in a similar fashion to most first-century epistles: “Simeon Peter, a servant and an apostle of Jesus Christ.” The apostle Peter is the stated author of the book in verse 1, and there’s no good reason for us to think otherwise. In light of the numerous internal references (1:1,14,16-18; 3:1,15), it would be difficult to see how another author could have avoided ethical compromise with any Christian conviction at all. Additionally, there are some striking similarities in both vocabulary and doctrine between 1 and 2 Peter, as well as with Peter’s speeches and sermons in Acts (M. Green, 2 Peter, 47–48).

However, many have argued against Petrine authorship through the centuries. Opposing views have included: (1) the claim that the letter is pseudepigraphical, a writing published after Peter’s death to honor him and to say what he might have said in a difficult situation; (2) its unpopular status among the church fathers; (3) the author’s perceived dependence on Jude; and (4) the suggestion that Peter’s reference to Paul in 3:15 indicates a time when a collection of Paul’s writings had been made, which certainly would have been after Peter’s lifetime. But none of these arguments have been able to overshadow the more natural and literal understanding that the apostle Peter is the one who penned the letter.

Peter introduces himself as “Simeon,” a designation rarely used in the New Testament for the apostle (see Acts 15:14). The term is the Hebrew spelling for the name Simon and a possible indication of the authenticity of the letter (Vaughn and Lea, 1, 2 Peter, 142). Peter also calls himself “a servant and an apostle of Jesus Christ.” The word servant is doulos in Greek, which means “slave” or “bondservant.” Peter, no doubt, is tempering the authority of his apostolic office with the personal humility that he learned through his own denial of Christ Jesus. Now he confidently can present himself as both the servant and the ambassador (apostolos) of his Lord.

A related issue to the authorship of 2 Peter is its source, specifically the close relationship between Peter’s letter and the letter of Jude. Vaughan and Lea say, “There is such extensive agreement between Jude and 2 Peter that some common linkage is almost certain” (1, 2 Peter, 138). There are three primary views regarding the specific nature of this relationship. First is the proposal that Peter copied Jude. Proponents of this view cite Jude’s fresh writing style and the probability that the longer letter would have taken its cue from the shorter one. Second, perhaps Jude copied Peter. This perspective leans on Peter’s use of the future tense in forecasting the work of false teachers (cf. 2 Pet 2) in contrast to Jude’s use of the present tense. Advocates of this view also say that someone with the status of an apostle wouldn’t likely draw from a less prominent source like Jude. Third, some propose that both writers drew from a common source. This case is rooted in the differences in language, ideas, and order between the two letters. Such a common source could have been a document that condemned heretical doctrines that promoted antinomian ideas and prophesied the fate of their false heralds (M. Green, 2 Peter, 72).

Regardless of who drew from what source, the similarities between the two letters are notable. Both letters provide similar descriptions of false teachers (see 2 Pet 2; Jude 4-19), although they develop their treatments differently. Peter gradually ramps up to addressing the issue of false teaching, while Jude comes out of the gate hammering on the heretics. But they basically address many of the same things that characterized the false teachers. First, false teachers denied the lordship of Christ (2 Pet 2:1; Jude 4). Second, they defiled the Christian love feast, practiced immorality, and influenced others to do the same (2 Pet 2:10,12-14; Jude 16). Third, they manipulated people with their speech to the end of financial gain (2 Pet 2:3,14; Jude 16). Fourth, they masqueraded as either visionaries or prophets to support their contentions (2 Pet 2:1; Jude 8). Fifth, they were headstrong and caused divisions that reflected their feelings of superiority (2 Pet 2:2,10,18; Jude 19). While I lean toward believing that Jude copied Peter, I think these similarities are the details that are most notable for us, simply because they help us better understand the issues being addressed in both letters.

The Origin of the Letter

Just like the uncertainty of the original source of 2 Peter, we really don’t have any indication of its specific time and place of writing. While Peter chose not to mention these details, it likely was written from Rome shortly after his first letter and shortly before his death (see 1:14-15). That would put the date sometime prior to AD 68. More than for the specifics of this bibliographic information, Peter’s greater concern obviously was for the believers to whom he was writing and the grave danger they were facing.

The Recipients of the Letter

Like the place and time of writing, there’s no solid evidence to identify clearly Peter’s recipients. They’re just referred to as “those who have ...

Table of contents

• Series Introduction
• 2 Peter
• Remember Your Calling 2 Peter 1:5-11
• Remember Christ’s Coming 2 Peter 1:12-21
• Remember Their Motives 2 Peter 2:1-3a
• Remember God’s Justice 2 Peter 2:3b-10a
• Remember Their Nature 2 Peter 2:10b-22
• Remember That He’ll Be Back 2 Peter 3:1-10
• Remember How You’re to Wait 2 Peter 3:11-18
• Jude
• Contending for the Faith of Jesus Jude 3-4
• Three Truths Never to Forget Jude 5-7
• Are You Out of Touch with Spiritual Reality? Jude 8-10
• When God Condemns the Ungodly Jude 11-16
• Godly Wisdom for a Healthy Christian Jude 17-23
• The Doxology of God and the Security of the Believer Jude 24-25
• Works Cited
• Scripture Index