How do we make the judgments that inform our lives? Is there any way of consciously removing bias from the choices we make? What do our everyday personal decisions have in common with those made by groups, companies, and even nations? In this engaging and innovative textbook, Nancy Kim presents a multidisciplinary introduction to the dynamic field of judgment and decision-making. This lucidly written text delivers insights from cognitive psychology, aptly combining with interdependent findings from fields as diverse as neuropsychology, behavioural economics, social, developmental and clinical psychology, and philosophy. Offering not only a comprehensive explanation of the neurological structures and cognitive processes that underlie how we make decisions and form judgments in our everyday lives, readers can expect to learn the implications of these decisions upon an individual's prospects for health and longevity. Understanding behaviour is a central aspect of inquiry in the psychology discipline and as such this book is an essential companion for students taking undergraduate psychology, cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience courses; particularly those which include a module in judgment and decision-making. This text may also be helpful for undergraduate and postgraduate business courses on the subject.
- 310 pages
- English
- PDF
- Available on iOS & Android
eBook - PDF
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Key takeaways
AI-Generated Insights
Insight 1
Analyze the neurological structures and cognitive processes that underpin judgment and decision-making. Evaluate how cognitive heuristics and biases influence the formation of likelihood judgments and perceptions of risk.
Insight 2
Apply major theoretical frameworks, such as Expected Utility Theory and Prospect Theory, to explain decisions involving resources. Critically assess how schemas, hypothesis testing, and belief formation shape an individual's understanding of causality and the world.
Insight 3
Examine the implications of individual and group judgment and decision-making on social phenomena, including moral judgments and cooperation. Discuss how these processes influence an individual's prospects for health and longevity.
Information
PART
I
Making
Likelihood
Judgments
19
Availability
and
Representativeness
Learning
Goals
By
the
end
of
this
chapter,
you
will
have:
•
Considered
the
general
problem
of
how
people
judge
the
likelihood
of
an
event
under
conditions
of
uncertainty.
•
Considered
evidence
for
how
people
may
take
mental
shortcuts
such
as
the
availability
heuristic,
representativeness
heuristic,
and
other
related
heuristics
to
make
likelihood
judgments.
•
Critically
evaluated
alternative
ways
of
making
sense
of
this
evidence.
•
Asked
whether
research
on
the
availability
heuristic
can
provide
insight
into
understanding
health-related
reasoning.
•
Evaluated
whether,
and
how,
the
use
of
the
availability
heuristic
changes
over
the
developmental
lifespan.
•
Assessed
the
relationship
between
research
on
the
representativeness
heuris-
tic
and
research
on
stereotyping
in
social
judgment.
•
Considered
the
role
of
the
representativeness
heuristic
in
shaping
and
influ-
encing
the
study
of
human
behavior
itself.
2
Key
Terms
Heuristic
Availability
heuristic
Availability
Accessibility
Set-size
judgment
Relative
frequency-of-occurrence
judgment
Availability-by-number
hypothesis
Availability-by-speed
hypothesis
Letter-class
hypothesis
Regressed-frequencies
hypothesis
Representativeness
heuristic
Representativeness
Prototype
Law
of
small
numbers
Law
of
large
numbers
Base
rates
Conjunction
rule
Conjunction
fallacy
WEIRD
Table of contents
- Cover
- Contents
- List of Figures
- Note to the Instructor
- Preface
- Notes on the Author
- 1 Introduction
- Part I: Making Likelihood Judgments
- Part II: Judgments of the Past and the Future
- Part III: Decisions about Resources
- Part IV: Making Sense of the World
- Part V: Judgment and Decision-Making in Society
- References
- Index
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Yes, you can access Judgment and Decision-Making by Nancy S. Kim in PDF and/or ePUB format, as well as other popular books in Psychology & Cognitive Psychology & Cognition. We have over 1.5 million books available in our catalogue for you to explore.