The Philosophy Book
eBook - ePub

The Philosophy Book

From the Vedas to the New Atheists, 250 Milestones in the History of Philosophy

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eBook - ePub

The Philosophy Book

From the Vedas to the New Atheists, 250 Milestones in the History of Philosophy

Book details
Table of contents
Citations

About This Book

Philosophy explores the deepest, most fundamental questions of reality—and this accessible and entertaining chronology presents 250 milestones of the most important theories, events, and seminal publications in the field over the last 3, 500 years. The brief, engaging entries cover a range of topics and cultures, from the Hindu Vedas and Plato's theory of forms to Ockham's Razor, Pascal's Wager, Hume's A Treatise of Human Nature, existentialism, feminism, Philosophical Zombies, and the Triple Theory of Ethics. Beautifully illustrated and filled with unexpected insights, The Philosophy Book will appeal to a wide spectrum of readers.

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Information

Publisher
Union Square & Co.
Year
2019
ISBN
9781454935575
Topic
Philosophy
Subtopic
Philosophy History & Theory

Table of contents

  1. Cover
  2. Title Page
  3. Copyright
  4. Contents
  5. Introduction
  6. c. 1500 BCE: The Vedas
  7. c. 585 BCE: Birth of Western Philosophy
  8. c. 550 BCE: The Dao
  9. c. 540 BCE: Reincarnation
  10. c. 540 BCE: Ahimsa
  11. c. 530 BCE: Anthropomorphization
  12. c. 525 BCE: The Four Noble Truths
  13. c. 525 BCE: No-Self (Anatta)
  14. c. 500 BCE: Confucian Ethics
  15. c. 500 BCE: Reciprocity
  16. c. 500 BCE: Change Is Constant
  17. c. 500 BCE: The Book of Job
  18. c. 470 BCE: Change Is Illusory
  19. c. 460 BCE: Mind Organizes Nature
  20. c. 460 BCE: The Paradoxes of Motion
  21. c. 450 BCE: Survival of the Fittest
  22. c. 450 BCE: Protagoras and Relativism
  23. c. 450 BCE: The Sophists
  24. c. 450 BCE: Ladder of Love
  25. c. 430 BCE: Know Thyself
  26. c. 420 BCE: Atoms and the Void
  27. c. 420 BCE: Universal Love
  28. c. 400 BCE: Cynicism
  29. c. 400 BCE: Cyrenaic Hedonism
  30. c. 400 BCE: The Bhagavad Gita
  31. 399 BCE: The Trial and Death of Socrates
  32. c. 399 BCE: Socratic Dialogues
  33. c. 386 BCE: Plato Founds the Academy
  34. c. 380 BCE: The World of the Forms
  35. c. 380 BCE: Plato’s Republic
  36. c. 380 BCE: Mind-Body Dualism
  37. c. 367 BCE: Aristotle Enrolls in the Academy
  38. 334 BCE: Hellenization Begins
  39. c. 330 BCE: The Invention of Logic
  40. c. 330 BCE: The Earth-Centered Universe
  41. c. 330 BCE: Matter and Form
  42. c. 330 BCE: The Four Causes
  43. c. 330 BCE: Nicomachean Ethics
  44. c. 320 BCE: Maybe Life Is a Dream
  45. c. 300 BCE: Ecclesiastes
  46. c. 300 BCE: Epicureanism
  47. c. 300 BCE: Stoicism
  48. c. 300 BCE: Innate Goodness
  49. 155 BCE: Carneades on Justice
  50. c. 55 BCE: On the Nature of Things
  51. 51 BCE: Universal Moral Law
  52. c. 30 CE: The Christian Era Begins
  53. c. 65: Buddhism Comes to China
  54. 65: The Death of Seneca
  55. c. 125: Epictetian Stoicism
  56. c. 150: Platonism and Christianity
  57. 180: The Philosopher-King
  58. c. 200: Outlines of Pyrrhonism
  59. c. 250: Neoplatonism
  60. c. 285: The Problem of Universals
  61. 386: Augustine’s Conversion
  62. 415: Death of Hypatia
  63. 426: The City of God
  64. c. 460: The Last Great Greek Philosopher
  65. 476: The Dark Ages Begin
  66. c. 500: The Way of Negation
  67. c. 520: Origins of Chan/Zen Buddhism
  68. 524: The Consolations of Philosophy
  69. 529: Justinian Closes the Academy
  70. c. 630: The Rise and Spread of Islam
  71. c. 700: Huineng and the Platform Sutra
  72. c. 810: Monism
  73. c. 840: Islamic Philosophy Begins
  74. c. 865: Eriugena’s Christian Neoplatonism
  75. c. 1015: Ibn Sīnā’s Islamic Aristotelianism
  76. 1078: The Ontological Argument
  77. c. 1093: The Incoherence of the Philosophers
  78. 1121: The Birth of Scholasticism
  79. c. 1130: Aristotelian Revival in the West
  80. c. 1135: Qualified Dualism
  81. c. 1180: Revival of Confucianism
  82. c. 1185: The Commentator
  83. c. 1190: The Guide for the Perplexed
  84. c. 1220: Philosophers Join Academia
  85. c. 1250: The Universal Doctor
  86. 1259: A Franciscan Approach to Philosophy
  87. c. 1265: The Great Medieval Synthesis
  88. c. 1265: The Five Ways
  89. c. 1270: Natural Law
  90. c. 1300: Attack on the Medieval Synthesis
  91. c. 1300: Mystical Theology
  92. c. 1320: Ockham’s Razor
  93. c. 1320: Conceptualism
  94. 1324: The Defender of Peace
  95. c. 1350: The Renaissance Begins
  96. 1440: The Synthesis of Opposites
  97. 1468: The Recovery of Platonism
  98. 1516: Utopia
  99. 1517: The Reformation Begins
  100. c. 1520: The Humanist Ideal
  101. c. 1525: The Silver Age of Scholasticism
  102. 1532: The Prince
  103. 1539: The Rights of Native Peoples
  104. 1543: The Birth of Modern Science
  105. 1580: Revival of Classical Skepticism
  106. 1605: The Advancement of Learning
  107. 1620: The Enlightenment Begins
  108. 1625: On the Law of War and Peace
  109. 1637: The Father of Modern Philosophy
  110. 1641: Meditations on First Philosophy
  111. 1651: Leviathan
  112. 1651: Free Will and Determinism Are Compatible
  113. 1670: Pascal’s Wager
  114. 1674: Occasionalism
  115. 1677: Ethics
  116. 1689: Human Rights
  117. 1689: Religious Liberty
  118. 1689: Empiricism
  119. c. 1700: Preestablished Harmony
  120. 1713: To Be Is to Be Perceived
  121. 1725: The Moral Sense
  122. 1730: Deism
  123. 1736: The Analogy of Religion
  124. 1739: A Treatise of Human Nature
  125. 1739: The Problem of Induction
  126. 1748: An Attack on Miracles
  127. 1748: The Spirit of the Laws
  128. 1751: Morality Is Rooted in Feeling
  129. 1754: America’s First Major Philosopher
  130. 1759: Candide
  131. c. 1760: The Birth of Romanticism
  132. 1762: The Social Contract
  133. 1762: Emile and Natural Education
  134. 1764: The Philosophy of Common Sense
  135. 1770: A Godless, Mechanistic Universe
  136. 1779: Hume’s Dialogues
  137. 1781: Critique of Pure Reason
  138. 1785: The Categorical Imperative
  139. 1787: The Federalist
  140. 1789: Utilitarianism
  141. 1790: Critique of Judgment
  142. 1790: Forefather of Conservatism
  143. 1792: A Vindication of the Rights of Woman
  144. c. 1795: The Beginnings of German Idealism
  145. 1807: The Phenomenology of Spirit
  146. 1819: The Philosophy of Pessimism
  147. 1821: The Real Is the Rational
  148. 1830: Positivism
  149. 1832: Law and Morality Are Separate
  150. 1836: American Transcendentalism
  151. 1841: Idealism Is Turned Upside Down
  152. 1843: Existentialism
  153. 1843: A System of Logic
  154. 1846: Truth Is Subjectivity
  155. 1848: The Communist Manifesto
  156. 1854: Walden
  157. 1859: On Liberty
  158. 1859: Darwin’s Origin of Species
  159. 1862: Social Darwinism
  160. 1863: Refined Utilitarianism
  161. c. 1865: The Rise of British Idealism
  162. 1867: Capital
  163. 1869: The Subjection of Women
  164. 1874: The Methods of Ethics
  165. 1874: Intentionality
  166. 1878: Origins of Pragmatism
  167. 1879: The New Logic
  168. 1882: “God Is Dead”
  169. 1882: Perspectivism
  170. 1887: The Revaluation of Values
  171. 1890: The Principles of Psychology
  172. 1897: “The Will to Believe”
  173. 1900: Phenomenology
  174. 1901: Environmental Preservationism
  175. 1902: The Varieties of Religious Experience
  176. 1903: Ethical Intuitionism
  177. 1903: The Analytic-Continental Split
  178. 1905: The Theory of Definite Descriptions
  179. 1907: Pragmatism
  180. 1907: Vitalism
  181. 1910: Principia Mathematica
  182. 1912: The Problems of Philosophy
  183. 1916: Progressive Education
  184. 1918: Logical Atomism
  185. 1920: Contemplation vs. Enjoyment
  186. c. 1920: Neo-Thomism
  187. 1921: The Picture Theory of Language
  188. 1923: I and Thou
  189. 1925: Instrumentalism
  190. 1927: Being and Time
  191. 1927: Religion as Wish Fulfillment
  192. 1929: Process Philosophy
  193. 1929: An Idealist View of Life
  194. 1930: Deontological Intuitionism
  195. 1932: Ordinary Language Philosophy
  196. 1934: The Rejection of Metaphysics
  197. 1936: Logical Positivism
  198. 1938: Nausea
  199. 1942: Existential Defiance
  200. 1943: Being and Nothingness
  201. 1944: Emotivism
  202. 1945: The Phenomenology of Perception
  203. 1946: Atheistic Existentialism
  204. 1949: The Ghost in the Machine
  205. 1949: The Second Sex
  206. 1949: Ecocentrism
  207. 1951: “Two Dogmas of Empiricism”
  208. 1952: Prescriptivism
  209. 1953: Philosophical Investigations
  210. 1953: Impossibility of a Private Language
  211. 1954: The New Riddle of Induction
  212. 1957: Intention
  213. 1959: Falsifiability in Science
  214. 1959: Descriptive Metaphysics
  215. 1960: The Indeterminacy of Translation
  216. 1960: Hermeneutics
  217. 1960: Functionalism
  218. 1961: Legal Positivism
  219. 1962: Scientific Revolutions
  220. 1962: Oxford Ordinary Language Philosophy
  221. 1963: The Gettier Problem
  222. 1966: Soul-Making Theodicy
  223. 1967: Deconstruction
  224. c. 1968: The (Re)birth of Applied Ethics
  225. 1968: Mind-Brain Identity Theory
  226. 1970: Anomalous Monism
  227. 1971: A Theory of Justice
  228. c. 1971: The Rise of Informal Logic
  229. 1974: Political Libertarianism
  230. 1974: “What Is It Like to Be a Bat?”
  231. 1974: Essentialism
  232. 1975: Animal Liberation
  233. 1975: Power/Knowledge
  234. c. 1976: Emergence of Feminist Philosophy
  235. 1977: Moral Anti-Realism
  236. 1977: Taking Rights Seriously
  237. 1979: The New Pragmatism
  238. 1979: Postmodernism
  239. 1979: Reliabilism
  240. 1980: The Chinese Room
  241. 1980: The Causal Theory of Reference
  242. 1981: The Revival of Virtue Ethics
  243. 1981: Critical Theory
  244. 1982: In a Different Voice
  245. 1984: Revival of Christian Philosophy
  246. 1984: Reasons and Persons
  247. 1984: The Moral Limits of the Criminal Law
  248. 1985: The Peculiar Institution of Morality
  249. 1987: Pragmatic Realism
  250. 1989: Religious Pluralism
  251. 1991: Philosophical Zombies
  252. 2000: The Capability Approach
  253. 2004: The New Atheists
  254. 2006: Cosmopolitanism
  255. 2011: The Triple Theory of Ethics
  256. Notes and Further Reading
  257. Image Credits