NOTES
Introduction
1.J. Hankins, âHumanism, Scholasticism, and Renaissance Philosophyâ in J. Hankins (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Renaissance Philosophy (Cambridge, 2007) [hereafter CCRP], pp. 30â48 [hereafter Hankins, âHumanismâ]. Here at pp. 30â31, citing G. Voigt, Die Wiederbelebung des Classischen Altertums Oder das Erste Jahrhundert des Humanismus (Berlin, 1859) and V.R. Giustiani, âHomo, Humanus, and the Meanings of âHumanismâ â, The Journal of the History of Ideas [hereafter JHI], 46 (1985), pp. 167â95.
2.R. Weiss, The Dawn of Humanism in Italy (London, 1947), revised and reprinted in The Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, 42 (1969), pp. 1â16. [hereafter Weiss, âDawn of Humanismâ]. Here at p. 3. Other early humanists included Geri dâArezzo and Francesco da Barberino in Florence, as well as Paolo da Perugia and Barbato da Sulmona in Naples.
3.R. Witt, âColuccio Salutati in the Footsteps of the Ancientsâ, [hereafter Witt, âSalutatiâ] in A.A. MacDonald, Z.R.W.M. von Martels and J.R. Veenstra (eds.), Christian Humanism: Essays in Honour of Arjo Vanderjagt (Leiden, 2009) [hereafter Christian Humanism], pp. 3â12.
4.Attributed to the humanists Crotus Rubeanus (Johannes Jäger) and Ulrich von Hutten, who wrote a sequel (1519). L.W. Spitz, âThe Renaissance: Humanism and Humanism Researchâ, English version of âHumanismus/Humanismusforschungâ in Theologische Realenzyklopädie, 15 (Berlin and New York, 1986), pp. 639â61; reprinted in L.W. Spitz, Luther and German Humanism, (Hampshire, 1996), pp. 1â40 [hereafter Spitz, âHumanismâ]. Here at pp. 2â3.
5.For this survey, see M. Dowling, Fisher of Men: A Life of John Fisher, 1469â1535 (Basingstoke, 1999) [hereafter Dowling, Fisher], p. 31; N. Mann, âThe Origins of Humanismâ in J. Kraye (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Renaissance Humanism (Cambridge, 1996) [hereafter CCRH], p. 1; A. Hamilton, âHumanists and the Bibleâ in CCRH, p. 100; N. Mann, âThe Origins of Humanismâ in CCRH, pp. 1â2.
6.Hankins, âHumanismâ, p. 31.
7.Ibid., p. 32.
8.Ibid.
9.D. MacCulloch, Reformation: Europeâs House Divided, 1470â1700 (London, 2003) [hereafter MacCulloch, Reformation], p. 76; R. Rex, âThe New Learningâ, The Journal of Ecclesiastical History [hereafter JEH], 44 (1993), pp. 26â44.
10.Hankins, âHumanismâ, p. 46; P.O. Kristeller. âThe Scholar and his Public in the Late Middle-Agesâ [hereafter Kristeller, âScholarâ] in E.P. Mahoney (ed.), Medieval Aspects of Renaissance Learning: Three Essays by Paul Oskar Kristeller (Durham, N. Carolina, 1974) [hereafter Kristeller, Renaissance Learning], pp. 3â28. Here at p. 10: For the humanists, âgrammatical and historical interpretation for the most part takes the place of dialectical analysis and argumentation, more value is placed on style, and the terminology of scholastic learning is rather avoided.â; on the Septennium and liberal arts see S. IJsseling, Rhetoric and Philosophy in Conflict: A Historical Survey (The Hague, 1976) [hereafter IJsseling], p. 46.
11.P. Mack, âMontaigne and Christian Humanismâ in Christian Humanism, pp. 199â209. Here at p. 199.
12.IJsseling, p. 1. See also Spitz, âHumanismâ, pp. 5â7; Weiss, âDawn of Humanismâ, p. 1.
13.Hankins, âHumanismâ, p. 39; this point is also noted by R. Witt, âIn the Footsteps of the Ancientsâ: The Origins of Humanism from Lovato to Bruni (Leiden, 2000), p. 240.
14.Witt, âSalutatiâ, p. 9.
15.Weiss, âDawn of Humanismâ, p. 14.
16.A. Levi, Renaissance and Reformation: The Intellectual Genesis (New Haven, Connecticut and London, 2002) [hereafter Levi], pp. 80â85.
17.F. Petrarch, âOn his Own Ignorance and that of Many Othersâ, trans. H. Nachod in E. Cassirer, P.O. Kristeller and J.H. Randall, Jr. (eds.), The Renaissance Philosophy of Man (Chicago, 1948) [hereafter Renaissance Philosophy of Man], p. 115.
18.âNihil enim est aliud eloquentia nisi copiose loquens sapientiaâ: Cicero, De Partitione Oratoria, p. 79. Also quoted in H.H. Gray, âRenaissance Humanism: The Pursuit of Eloquenceâ, The Journal of the History of Ideas [hereafter JHI], 24 (1963), pp. 497â514, quoted on p. 508.
19.Kristeller, âScholarâ, p. 12.
20.Ibid., pp. 16â17.
21.Ibid., pp. 13â14.
22.J.B. Gleason, John Colet (Berkeley, 1989) [hereafter...