Beyond Schizophrenia

Michael's Journey

Susan Frances Dunham

• Publisher: Modern History Press
• Year: 2011
• ISBN:
  9781615999484
• Topic: Psicologia
• Subtopic: Psicologia anormale

What would you do if your child suffered with something so severe it affected every aspect of his life? Susie Dunham, Midwestern mom and former nurse, never suspected her son Michael was anything but a typical college student with big dreams until he developed schizophrenia shortly after his 21st birthday. The Dunham family quickly becomes immersed in the nightmare world of mental illness in America: psychiatric wards, a seemingly indifferent nursing staff, and the trial-and-error world of psychotropic meds. Michael's ultimate recovery and remission comes with plenty of traumatic incidents involving both ignorance and stigma, but his courage and quest for dignity will inspire all readers. "Susie Dunham's heroic, heart-rending story is a beacon of light in the darkness of insanity. It shows that recovery is hard-won but possible for people who develop schizophrenia, despite a media that sensationalizes them, a society that shuns them, and a dysfunctional mental healthcare system that fails them miserably."
--Patrick Tracey, author of Stalking Irish Madness: Searching for the Roots of My Family's Schizophrenia "Every person in a leadership position needs to take the time to read this moving story of triumph over adversity."
--State Representative John Adams, Ohio House Minority Whip "The fact that Michael bravely fought this disease, picked up the pieces and moved beyond it, should give others hope that one day schizophrenia will be seen as a treatable disease with no stigma attached."
--Sharon Goldberg, News & Reviews Editor, "NYC Voices": A Journal for Mental Health Advocacy " Beyond Schizophrenia: Michael's Journey is a book that I couldn't put down. The story of Michael's parents Susie and Mark who support their son both in good times and bad really touched me. I really like the way the symptoms of schizophrenia are explained clearly."
--Bill MacPhee, Founder/CEO of SZ Magazine Also available in trade paperback and eBook editions
PSY022050 Psychology: Psychopathology - Schizophrenia
BIO026000 Biography & Autobiography / Personal Memoirs
MED105000 Medical / Psychiatry / General

Part I – Foreshadowing Events

Chapter 1 – “I Dreamed I Was a Broken Boy”

Many of the books that I read advised that it was a bad idea to bring babies or children into the parental bed to sleep at night. Babies need to find ways to comfort themselves to sleep and to gain their own independence in the world. Years later, I read that the practice of children sleeping with their parents was far more common than most parents would admit. Many mammals sleep with their offspring for years, including bears and other wild animals. Most likely, this instinct and practice is for the preservation of their young. In our case, it was for our own self-preservation.

Mike had developed itchy allergic eczema, asthma, and nasal allergies in rapid succession. Upper respiratory infections presented a continuous battle, along with simply coping with all of Mike’s allergic symptoms on a day-to-day basis. Those early years were tough on all of us for many reasons. Mark and I quickly learned that we both had to hold down decent jobs to pay the bills so that we could provide a decent lifestyle for our little boy. We understood the harsh reality of life. Our employers really didn’t care if our child was sick on any given day. They expected us to find a solution and show up for work! I confessed to my mother that we had Mike in the bed with us at night to survive.

“If you keep this up,” she said, as kindly advice, “You’ll never get him out of your bed.” I am certain that she had some first-hand knowledge of this, as she and my father had raised eight kids, I thought.

By four months, Mike developed “Atopic Dermatitis,” commonly known as allergic eczema. This problem escalated and became severe by the time that he was twelve months old. We tenderly bathed him in hypoallergenic soaps, later bath oils, applied topical steroids and administered antihistamines as prescribed by his dermatologist. We cut his fingernails short so that he could do less damage with his scratching, but often he dug so hard that he had taken the top layer of skin off his ankles, face, hands, behind his knees, and the inside of his arms at the bend of the elbows. Mike’s scratching was so severe that he often actively bled because his digging at the itchiness went so deep. We tried putting him in footed sleepers, thinking that it would be harder for him to get to his ankles which were the main sources of his aggravated itching. He quickly learned how to un-zip them. We tried food elimination diets and nothing helped. The skin on his fingers and ears was extremely itchy and dry, remaining cracked and open for at least nine months of the year. Summers often brought relief; but even in adulthood, winters triggered the eczema.

“Please Mikey, try not to dig,” we begged.

“I have to dig,” was his childhood response, as we re-applied the topical steroids to his skin and gave another dose of antihistamines. During peak allergy seasons, spring and fall, Mike rubbed his itchy eyes until his eyelids were raw and stripped of the top layer of skin. As they healed, they always looked scabby. His crying and frustration, as he frantically scratched at the already open wounds, was painful to watch.

The asthma began when Mike was only nine months, but the doctors didn’t diagnose it until he was over two years old. “Babies wheeze,” was what I was told as we admitted him to the hospital, at eighteen months, in acute respiratory distress. Mike wasn’t just wheezing, but grunting as he tried to get some air. His tiny ribs retracted with each labored effort. We were there with Mike in the hospital for hours. Finally, I told Mark to go home and get some sleep because he had to be at school the next day. I realized that things had taken a turn for the worse when they took Mike from my arms into another room to perform an arterial blood gas test. I knew what they were doing to my baby as I heard him scream. They had inserted a large needle into his femoral artery, at the groin, to determine how much oxygen was in his blood. The resident doctor returned shortly and told me that he might have to start IV steroids on Mike to stop the inflammation in his lungs.

“Tell me now doctor, is our baby going to make it? I just sent my husband home to get some rest. Should I call him back?”

He hesitated and looked very troubled. “I don’t know yet,” was his response.

This was simply the first of many episodes, with all of them equally awful and terrifying. Those early years were filled with trips to the emergency room to open up Mike’s lungs. Mike’s blue lips, loud wheezing, and rib-retraction as he struggled for breath always heralded a day spent in panic, or another sleepless night. Mike grew up with an aerosol mask attached to his face, delivering relief and life-saving medicine.

The next cruel version of “The Asthma Triad” announced itself as nasal allergies. Mike’s nose ran constantly. His eyes were extremely puffy and his sinuses, inflamed because of allergens, were easy targets for infection. Once his sinuses were infected, the infection dripped down the back of his throat and inflamed his bronchial tubes, which in turn triggered his asthma. Infections became the worst culprits. One problem played off the other. It seemed that there was no winning this battle. There were specialists for all three problems. The dermatologist told us what to do about his eczema. The allergist had advice about Mike’s asthma. The newly hired Ear, Nose, and Throat doctor wanted to put tubes into Mike’s ears, but couldn’t because we could not get Mike’s asthma stabilized sufficiently to risk a general anesthetic. Sometimes the three specialists did not agree on treatment. Still, the appointments needed to be kept. Somehow, Mark and I kept those appointments, went to work, paid for private day-care, and kept Mike at the center of our lives. What a juggling act it was!

The list of allergens that triggered all three of these problems was endless. Cats, dogs, other fur-bearing animals, weeds, pollens, molds, and foods were triggers, along with infections. Mark and I fought the good fight together, but there was always a new mystery to solve, and we tried to solve the latest, one day at a time.

“If your kid has a snotty nose,” we advised friends and family, “don’t bring him around.” Few listened. “If you have a dog, cat, or a fur-bearing animal in your house, we can’t go there.” Few understood. Often, a riddle presented itself unexpectedly.

One day, when Mike was five years old, he came home with a purple stain around his mouth. Immediately, I thought that another kind parent in the neighborhood had given him a frozen grape popsicle. Our refrigerator and freezer were always open to the other children. If we were having lunch, we invited Mike’s friends to eat with us. If Mike got a treat, we offered the same to his buddies. Perhaps another mother on the block was returning the kindness.

Two more times, the purple stain around Mike’s mouth was noticed. The second time, Mike had slightly swollen lips. We only understood this in retrospect. The third time, Mike’s lips became huge and grossly swollen.

“Mike, your lips are swollen. What did you eat? Who gave you food, and what?” Mike finally remembered that for the last three days, he had been eating mulberries from a bush behind the neighbors’ property. “Never eat them again, Mike,” we said, as we gave him Benadryl and called his allergist. This was just another day in our lives. Mulberries were clearly a new trigger to avoid. We were grateful that his throat didn’t swell shut and cut off his breathing.

Later, we tried allergy shots on two occasions. We could not complete the first round because of Mike’s recurrent infections and fevers. The second round was almost completed when Mike was fourteen years old. When the first injections of the highest dose were administered in both of Mike’s arms, the results were immediate and frightening. I had never seen an anaphylactic reaction in my many years of nursing, but then witnessed one. Mike developed huge hives on each arm at the injection site, had trouble breathing, and then swallowing, in rapid succession. The end result was another trip to the emergency room, with life-saving drugs given by the emergency room doctor, monitored by his allergist. We decided we’d have no more of this stuff. The risk outweighed the benefits. We’d maintain the avoidance of allergens rather than introducing them.

I look back on those years and wonder how we survived them. Mark was teaching full-time, coaching tennis for his high school, and attending graduate school in the summers. I was trying to advance my own career, one step at a time. The center of our small world was always Mike. We found ourselves not just parents, but nurses, detectives, and guardians against the awful world of allergies and infections. We never had enough money, time, or sleep. Together, we weathered the bottle feedings, diaper changing, teething, toilet training, and day care issues, along with the heartache of Mike’s continuous symptoms. When we couldn’t relieve his itching, stop his wheezing or wipe his nose without causing pain, which was always red and raw, he cried. In fact, he cried a lot. Sometimes, we cried right along with him. Our struggle wasn’t just difficult. It seemingly went on and on forever, with only a few splendid moments of relief. Yet, it was nothing compared to what was to come down the road. Looking back, this was, frankly, just “boot camp.”

In spite of all these daily troubles, our lives were indeed filled with joy. Mike was a resilient little guy, born with a sunny disposition. We thought that he belonged to us, but the truth was that he owned both of us right from the start. We were totally smitten with his broad smile and crinkled up, mirthful, and sparkly eyes. Even as a baby and a very young child, we could see the kindness, sensitivity, and intelligence that exuded from him. We never spoke “baby-talk” to him, not just because we thought that it wasn’t the right thing to do, but because he deserved better. He seemed to understand everything that was going on around him, far beyond his years.

From infancy on, we tried all of the advised “sleepy time rituals.” Rocking, reading stories, playing soft music, and slow dancing with our child in arms were just a few measures taken to promote a good night’s sleep for all of us. We put Mike into his crib or “big boy bed,” tucked him in, and hoped for the best. In the usual event that he woke up crying because of his scratching, difficulty breathing, or was simply sick, we knew what to do. We took care of the immediate problem with medication and put him between us, in our bed. When he felt comforted, he scratched and wheezed much less. We could hear him more quickly if there was a problem, and catch a few precious hours of sleep before the next grueling day.

One significant evening such as this stands out in all of our minds. We lovingly tucked Mike into his twin bed with “Brown Bear,” his name for his brown-furred teddy bear. Mike had many bears and all of them had their own special names. He couldn’t have been more than four and a half years old at the time, as he drifted peacefully asleep, with his arm around his second oldest and favorite teddy bear. Mark and I virtually caved in, falling into an almost comatose sleep the minute we crawled into our bed. For at least four blissful hours, we had achieved deep, restful, peaceful sleep that for once had gone uninterrupted. It must have been one o’clock in the morning when our four-and-a-half-year-old came shrieking and screaming into our bedroom. He pranced around like a marionette puppet controlled by invisible strings.

“Mom, Dad, I had a terrible dream! I dreamed I was a broken boy. I didn’t have any head, hands, or feet, and I walked like this.” We both sat straight up in bed and watched in dumb awe as we tried to get our wits about us. This scene was too painful to contemplate. How could a little boy like Mike have such a terrible dream? Mark slept closest to the door and easily hoisted Mike’s “light as a feather” little body into the middle of our heavily quilted king-sized bed with his strong, young arm. Instinctively, I had raised the quilts in advance. We both wrapped our arms around our sweet little boy and tried to comfort him.

“This was just a bad dream, Mike,” his father offered over and over, as Mike shivered in fear. Mark stroked his head and patted his back.

“Mike, we’ll never let anything bad happen to you. Dad and I will always be there. I promise.” After much talk about bad dreams and constant reassurances, the three of us fell asleep in an exhausted embrace, but none of us ever forgot that night.

Some things are so horrible that you could never “dream” of them in advance. These things are absolutely inconceivable, unthinkable. We have control over many things in life. For those things, we must take full responsibility to avoid calamity. Tragedy or an unhappy fate is self described and unavoidable. Mark and I convincingly made promises to our only child on that night that we couldn’t keep. Years later, Mike became a broken boy.

Chapter 2 – When Did This Start?

Any parent who has witnessed the tortures of schizophrenia will ask themselves the following questions:

“Why didn’t I see what was coming?”

“What were the warning signals?”

“What could I have done to stop this from happening?”

“What could I have done to protect my baby?”

The clues and answers only became understood after the disease had fully manifested, but they had indeed been there for a while. I had seen changes, but they were insidious and confusing. I had asked many questions, but the answers I received seemed logical. I thought that something was not right, but also believed that nothing was terribly wrong. The knowledge that I received by attending NAMI’s “Family to Family” program, two years later, convinced me that Michael had exhibited many “classic” onset symptoms. His early symptoms were:

• Anxious moods
• Change in sleep patterns
• Weight loss
• Withdrawal, decline in function, and lack of attention to personal hygiene
• Illogical thinking and lack of insight

There is always a “Prodromal Stage” in schizophrenia. A prodrome is a symptom indicative of an approaching disease. For example, in the disease of measles, a person will first have sensitivity to light before the rash and other symptoms appear. I saw the changes, but confused most of them with the side-effects of caffeine and medications or normal conflicts that occur in young people’s lives.

In the summer of 2004, Mike attended college in order to graduate on time. Mark and I understood that courses weren’t always offered at the most convenient times, so we had to be prepared. Mark helped Mike to map out his plan for graduation, and Mike’s summer session resulted in very good grades. Mike had changed colleges and majors since his freshman year, so this had put him somewhat behind schedule. Mark and I both thought it was OK that Mike didn’t work that summer because we were financially prepared to cover the bills.

“Take your classes and go out on the boat this summer,” we both told him. “You’ll never get the chance again to have this freedom. Once you are in the work force, your employer owns you!” August came and we packed Mike off to live with his steady group of college friends and roommates. Life was good. We had a plan.

Cell phones have made the lives of parents much easier. We could call Mike at any time, just to see how his day was going. I tried not to call too often and seem the over-protective mother, but made myself readily available. Mike seemed happy, enjoying his 20-year-old, somewhat adult life in college. He was having fun and getting good grades at the same time. We were a contented and optimistic family albeit our separation.

Mike grew his beautiful blonde hair quite long that fall.

“Will long hair affect the way your professors treat you, in light of the fact that you are studying business?” I asked.

“No, Mom, you’d be surprised. They are pretty liberal about things like that here.” Once again, I thought, why shouldn’t he grow his hair long now? He’ll never get the chance again.

Mid-October came, along with an upper respiratory infection that sent Mike to the college clinic. We met for lunch, mostly to reassure me that Mike’s asthma was completely under control. As we stood at the counter of the local Big Boy restaurant to pay the bill, I was approached by a woman roughly my own age, in her fifties. Her whole purpose was to tell me that her eighty-year-old mo...

Table of contents

• Cover Page
• Title Page
• Copyright
• Praise for Beyond Schizophrenia
• Contents
• Foreword
• Acknowledgments
• Prologue
• Part I – Foreshadowing Events
• Part II – The Wrath Of God
• Part III – Looking Back (1959 – 1984)
• Part IV – Michael's Recovery
• About the Author
• Appendix A – Recommended Reading
• Appendix B – Internet Resources
• Index
• The Reflections of America Series