Diseases and Conditions in Dentistry
eBook - ePub

Diseases and Conditions in Dentistry

An Evidence-Based Reference

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eBook - ePub

Diseases and Conditions in Dentistry

An Evidence-Based Reference

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About This Book

Diseases and Conditions in Dentistry: An Evidence-Based Reference is the ideal, one-stop guide for dentistry clinicians to keep at their side.

  • Provides a quick reference for the busy clinician covering diseases and conditions in endodontics, periodontics, prosthodontics and restorative dentistry
  • Offers identically formatted chapters following the same clear and concise layout with detailed clinical cases and evidence-based discussions
  • Features a companion website with additional clinical photographs, radiographs, and case notes

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Information

Publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
Year
2018
ISBN
9781119312116
Edition
1
Topic
Medicine
Subtopic
Dentistry

Chapter 1
Aggressive Periodontitis

1.1 Definition

Aggressive periodontitis can be defined based on the following primary and secondary features (Lang et al., 1999).

1.1.1 Primary Features

  • Non‐contributory medical history; diagnosis requires the exclusion of systemic diseases.
  • Rapid attachment loss and bone destruction.
  • Familial aggregation of cases.

1.1.2 Secondary Features

  • Amount of plaque is inconsistent with the severity of the disease.
  • Elevated levels of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (AA) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG) in some population.
  • Phagocyte abnormalities.
  • Hyper‐responsive macrophage phenotype, elevated prostaglandin (PG)‐E2, interleukin (IL)‐1 beta in response to bacterial endotoxins.
  • Progression of attachment and bone loss may be self‐arresting.

1.2 Classification

Based on the 1999 International Workshop for Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions, aggressive periodontitis can be classified into two main categories (Armitage, 1999): localised aggressive periodontitis (LAP) and generalised aggressive periodontitis (GAP).
Localised aggressive periodontitis is characterised by the following features.
  • Circumpubertal onset.
  • Localised first molar/incisor presentation with interproximal attachment loss on at least two permanent teeth, one of which is a first molar and involving no more than two teeth other than the first molars and incisors.
  • Robust serum antibody response to infecting agents.
Generalised aggressive periodontitis is characterised by the following features.
  • Usually affecting a person under 35 years of age but patients may be older.
  • Generalised interproximal attachment loss affecting at least three permanent teeth other than the first molars and incisors.
  • Pronounced episodic nature of the destruction.
  • Poor serum antibody response to infecting agents.
There can be high heterogeneity in the clinical presentation of aggressive periodontitis. Some LAP cases may initially affect the primary dentition.

1.3 Prevalence

There is a wide variation in the prevalence of aggressive periodontitis between populations and differences in race/eth...

Table of contents

  1. Cover
  2. Table of Contents
  3. Preface
  4. Acknowledgements
  5. Image Contributors
  6. Abbreviations
  7. About the Companion Website
  8. Chapter 1: Aggressive Periodontitis
  9. Chapter 2: Amelogenesis Imperfecta
  10. Chapter 3: Apical Periodontitis
  11. Chapter 4: Bisphosphonates and Medication‐Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw
  12. Chapter 5: Caries
  13. Chapter 6: Chronic Periodontitis
  14. Chapter 7: Cleft Lip and Palate
  15. Chapter 8: Combination Syndrome
  16. Chapter 9: Complete Edentulism
  17. Chapter 10: Deep Overbite
  18. Chapter 11: Dens Invaginatus
  19. Chapter 12: Dentine Hypersensitivity
  20. Chapter 13: Dentinogenesis Imperfecta and Dentine Dysplasia
  21. Chapter 14: Dentoalveolar Trauma
  22. Chapter 15: Discolouration
  23. Chapter 16: Ectodermal Dysplasia
  24. Chapter 17: External Root Resorption
  25. Chapter 18: Failed Restoration and Compromised Tooth
  26. Chapter 19: Fluorosis
  27. Chapter 20: Fractured Endodontic Instrument
  28. Chapter 21: Fractured or Failed Post
  29. Chapter 22: Gingival Enlargement and Gingivitis
  30. Chapter 23: Gingival Recession
  31. Chapter 24: Halitosis
  32. Chapter 25: Hypodontia
  33. Chapter 26: Internal Root Resorption
  34. Chapter 27: Irrigation Accidents
  35. Chapter 28: Low Maxillary Sinus Floor
  36. Chapter 29: Microdontia
  37. Chapter 30: Necrotising Periodontal Diseases
  38. Chapter 31: Occlusal Issues and Occlusion
  39. Chapter 32: Oncology‐Related Defects in Mandible
  40. Chapter 33: Oncology‐Related Defects in Maxillae
  41. Chapter 34: Open Apex (Immature Non‐Vital Teeth)
  42. Chapter 35: Open Bite
  43. Chapter 36: Osteoradionecrosis
  44. Chapter 37: Partial Edentulism – Implant Treatment
  45. Chapter 38: Partial Edentulism – Partial Denture Treatment
  46. Chapter 39: Perforation
  47. Chapter 40: Peri‐Implant Diseases
  48. Chapter 41: Periodontal Abscess
  49. Chapter 42: Periodontic‐Endodontic Lesion
  50. Chapter 43: Periodontitis as a Manifestation of Systemic Disease
  51. Chapter 44: Radiotherapy Side Effects
  52. Chapter 45: Ridge Defects (Generalised)
  53. Chapter 46: Ridge Defects (Localised)
  54. Chapter 47: Shortened Dental Arch (SDA)
  55. Chapter 48: Supernumerary, Fusion and Gemination
  56. Chapter 49: Temporomandibular Disorders
  57. Chapter 50: Tooth Wear
  58. Index
  59. End User License Agreement